OF ORNAMENTAL PERENNIALS. 185 
The stem is five or six feet liigh, and the flowers, which somewhat resemble those of the perennial sunflower, 
appear in July and August. The species is quite hardy. 
S. PERFOLIATUM, Lin.jBot. Mag. t. 3354. 
This species differs chiefly in the leaves, which are not verticillate, but grow two together embracing the stem. 
It is also a native of the southern states of North America, and was introduced in 1766. 
GENUS IX. 
RUDBECKIA, Lin. THE RUDBECKIA. 
Lin. Syat. SYNGENESIA FRUSTRANEA. 
Gkneric Chahacter. — Florets of the ray neuter. Involucre many-leaved, scales in nearly equal series, spreading. Achenium angular, 
crowned with a four-toothed pappus. Receptacle chaffy, conical. 
Description, &c.— This well-known genus was named in honour of the celebrated Swedish botanist Rudbeck, 
who was the predecessor of Linnaeus in the professor's chair at Upsal. All the species are very handsome, and 
they are all distinguished by the projecting conical receptacle. Several new genera have been formed out of the 
Linnasan genus Rudbeckia, but I have only adopted one, viz. Echinacea, which embraces all the purple-flowered 
kinds ; and I have retained all the yellow-flowered species in the old genus. 
1.— RUDBECKIA TRILOBA, Lin. THE THREE-LOBED RUDBECKIA. 
Specific Character. — Plant hairy. Lower leaves three-parted ; 
upper ones undivided, broadly lanceolate. 
Synonymes. — Centrocarpha aristata, D. Don ; R. aristata, Sol.; 
R. subtomentosa, Pursh. 
Engravings. — Bot. Reg. t. 525 ; and our^. 6, in Plate 44. 
Description, &c. — This species is remarkable for the number of florets which it has in its ray, being only 
eight, and for the distance they are apart from each other. It is a native of CaroUna, whence it was introduced 
before 1699, and it is quite hardy in British gardens, only requiring to be grown in tolerably good soil. It is 
propagated either by division of the root, or by seeds. 
2.-RUDBECKIA PINNATA, Lin. THE PINNATED RUDBECKIA. 
leaves pinnate; stem leaves lobate or ternate, undivided at the apex. 
Leaflets lanceolate, acute, subserratcd. Receptacle elongated, chaify. 
Pappus entire. 
Synowymb. — Obeliscaria pinuata, Dec. 
Engravings. —Swt. Brit. Flow. Gard. t. 146 ; and our fig. 5, in 
Plate 44. 
Specific Character Stem furrowed, hispidly pubescent. Radical 
Description, &c. — This species has also only eight florets in the ray, but the florets are broad and toothed 
at the tip. The receptacle is elongated and chafiy, the chaff enclosing the seed. The plant grows about five 
feet high, and is very handsome. It is quite hardy in dry soil, but is easily killed by too much moisture. It is 
increased by dividing the root, as the seeds seldom ripen. It is a native of Carolina, and was introduced in 1803. 
It flowers from June to October. 
3.— RUDBECKIA COLUMNARIS, Pursh. THE COLUMN-BEARING RUDBECKIA. 
t. 361 ; and our fig. 4, in Plate 44, under the name of Ratibida 
columiiaris. 
Variety. — Ratibida columnaiis pulchjivima, D. Don ; Obeliscaria 
pulcherrima, Dec. 
Description, &c. — The stem and leaves are of a greyish green, and rough with short bristly hairs. The stem 
B B 
SvNONYMEs. — R. columnifera, Fras. ; R. Tagetes, James ; Rati- 
bida columuaris, D. Don ; R. sulcata, Raf.; Obeliscaiia columnaris, 
Dec. 
Engravings. — Bot. Mag. t. 1601 j Swt. Brit. Flow. Gard. 2d. ser. 
