OF ORNAMENTAL PERENNIALS. 197 
first flower wliich appeared was at the termination of the main branch, and quite erect ; and afterwards each 
lateral branch threw out a flower at its termination, rather in a horizontal direction, the end of the flowering 
stalk inclining upwards. The stem is round, and covered with a fine silky substance, but the leaves are rather 
coarse, and subject to be infested with aphides." I have given a detailed account of this fine species, which ia 
now lost to our gardens, in the hope that, now the communication is so frequent between Britain and Mexico, 
that it may be re-introduced. 
OTHER SPECIES OF HELIANTHUS. 
H. LINEARIS, Cav., Sot. Reg., t. 523 ; H. SQUARROSUS, Thunth ; LEIGHIA LINEARIS, Cass. 
This plant is very nearly allied to the last-mentioned species, and, with it, forms the genus Leighia of Cassine, 
which diflfers from the true Sunflower in its pappus ; in the leafy appearance of the scales of the involucre ; and 
in the fleshiness of the flower stalk just below the flower. The florets of the ray have no pappus, but those of 
the disk have six small serrated scales, besides two long, awl-shaped, and opposite bristles. The species' is a 
native of Mexico, whence it viras introduced in 1823. The plant is quite hardy, but dwarf; and its flowers are 
smaller than those of any other kind of Sunflower, not exceeding an inch in diameter. 
H. MULTIFLORUS, Lin. Bot. Mag., t. 227. 
This species is the perennial Sunflower, so frequently found in gardens. There is a double-flowered variety. 
The species is a native of North America, whence it was introduced in 1597- It is quite hardy, and will bear 
the smoke of London and other large towns, better than the generality of flowers. It flowers from June to 
September, and is propagated by dividing the roots. 
H. TUBEROSUS, Lin. 
This is the Jerusalem Artichoke, so called from the Italian name for the Sunflower, Girasole (signifying, to 
turn to the sun), being corrupted into Jerusalem. The fact is, however, that none of the Sunflowers do turn to 
the sun ; and, that they only derive their name of Sunflower, from their resemblance to the vulgar notion of the 
sun's disk. Thus a gold Sunflower vras worn by the Priests and Virgins of the Sun in Peru ; as aff'ording a kind 
of image of the god they worshipped. The Jerusalem Artichoke is a native of Brazil, whence it was introduced 
in 1617 ; and it was long thought a very superior vegetable to the potato — both being at first dressed with sack 
and sugar. 
H. DIFFUSUS, Bot. Mag. t. 2020 ; H. ATRORUBENS, Dec. 
The stem is purplish, with widely-spreading branches, each bearing a terminal flower on a very long 
peduncle. The whole plant is clothed with stiff stringing hairs ; and though it does not grow above two feet 
high, it spreads widely. A native of the banks of the Missouri, introduced in 1 732. It is quite hardy in 
British gardens ; and, though it has a rambling habit of growth, which renders it unsuitable for small gardens, 
unless its branches are pegged down to the ground, its flowers have the property of remaining unchanged a long 
time in water, after they are cut. 
H. ANGUSTIFOLIUS, Willd. ; Bot. Mag. t. 2051. 
A weedy-looking plant, with very narrow leaves, and long slender florets to the ray. It is a native of 
Carolina, whence it was introduced in 1789. It requires protection during winter, but is not worth the trouble 
of cultivating, as the flowers have no beauty to recommend them. 
