OF ORNAMENTAL PERENNIALS. 203 
GENUS XXI. 
CHRYSANTHEMUM, Lin. THE CHRYSANTHEMUM. 
Lin. Syat. SYNGENESIA SUPERFLUA. 
Gekeric Chaiucter.. — Flowers radiate. Calyx hemispherical, imbricated, scalei with t, membranaceous lining. 
Description, &c. — The plants contained in the genus Chrysanthemum have frequently changed their names ; 
and all, with the exception of the annual species, have been removed to Pyrethrum, a genus formerly restricted to 
the feverfew and a few other similar plants, which were called Pyrethrum, from the Greek word for fire, 
because they have a hot fiery taste. The word Chrysanthemum signifies " Golden flower ;" and it was given 
to the genus by Linnseus, from the first species described happening to have yellow flowers. I have retained all 
the Linnaean species in the genus, as they have most of them become popularly known by their botanic name. 
1.— CHRYSANTHEMUM COCCINEUM, Willd. THE SCARLET CHRYSANTHEMUM. 
Synonymes Pyrethrum cameum, Dec. ; Dwarf rose Chrysan- under the name of Pyrethrum carneum. 
themum. Spccific Character. — Leaves glabrous, pinnate ; leaflets pinnatifid ; 
Engravings. — Bot. Mag. t. 1080 ; and our fig. 4, in Plate 52, segments acute. Peduncle flesliy. 
Description, &c. — This very pretty little plant is a native of Mount Caucasus, whence it was introduced 
in 1804. It is quite hardy, and it does best in a poor soil ; as, when the soil is rich, the plant grows too much to 
stems and leaves, and the flowers are small and pale. Tlie flowers appear in the beginning of August, and they 
continue till the latter end of September. The plant is increased by dividing the roots. It is badly named, as 
the colour of the flowers is pink rather than scarlet. 
2.— CHRYS.\NTHEMUM ULIGINOSUM, Pers. THE LARGE MARSH OX EYE. 
S^NYMES-Pyrethrum uli,inosum, W. d K.; C. lacustre, Brot. Spec.fic CHARACTER.-Stem erect, branched in the upper part. 
Engk,a.ving3.— Bot. Mag. t. 2706 ; and our Jig. 3, in Plate 52, under Leaves sessile, lanceolate, irregularly, but deeply serrated. Flowers 
the name of Pyrethram nhginosum. corymbose. 
Description, &c This plant though described in the Botanical Magazine as an annual, is in fact a 
perennial ; though its plants when sown very early in spring will produce flowers the following October. Some- 
times it is treated as a biennial, its seeds being sown in August and the young plants kept in a cool frame during 
winter, to be planted out again in spring, when they will flower in May or June. If the plants are kept in the 
open ground, instead of being removed to a cold frame, they will not flower till August or September. 
3.— CHRYSANTHEMUM ROSEUM, Adan. THE ROSE-COLOURED CHRYSANTHEMUM. 
Synonymes. — Pyrethrum roseuni, JSieft. ; Pink Pyrethrum. I Specific Character. — Leaves glabrous j pinnatifid and bipinnatifid ; 
Emgravings. — Bot. Reg. t. 1024. | segments acute, diverging. Stem erect, one-flowered ; calyx glabrous. 
Description, &c. — This very handsome species is a native of Caucasus, whence it was introduced in 1818. 
It is quite hardy in British garderts, in which it flowers in May and June. It is propagated by dividing the 
root. Each plant has numerous stems, every stem bearing a large handsome pink flower ; the leaves are of a 
rich green, and very finely cut. 
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