[ 47 ] 
appearance in various places, in very formidable vol- 
canoes. This has been the cafe in Italy, and amongft 
the Azores, in Tartary, in Kamtfchatca, in South 
America, in Ireland, in the illands of the Eaft Indies, 
and in other parts : and we have reafon to believe that 
thefe fubterraneous fires have made eruptions, not 
unfrequently, even in the bottom of the lea; as Mr. 
Mitchell has made appear in his excellent paper con- 
cerning the caufes of earthquakes*. 
We have alfo, in the Philofophical Tranfactions, 
an account of entire illands being railed in the Archi- 
pelago, and likewife amongft the Azores, . by fuch 
fubterraneous fires ■j'* ; and Mr. Ray, in his tiavels, 
mentions a mountain one hundred feet high, raifed 
by the earthquake in 1538, which alio threw up^fo 
much earth, ftones, and afhes, as quite filled up the 
Lacus Lucrinus J. 
To which may be added, that fofiil fhelis and other 
marine bodies are fo univerfally found in all parts of 
the prefent continents and illands, as to amount 
almoll to a demonftration, that all the now dry land 
was once covered with fea, and that for a confideiablc 
fpace of time, probably much longer than the conti- 
nuance of the deluge is related to have been. For 
though fuch a violent flux of waters might have 
thrown up fome Ihells and marine bodies upon the 
hills and mountains, yet it could not have flung up 
fuch vaft quantities, nor fo univerfally. The prodi- 
gious beds of Ihells which we now find in all parts 
* Philof. Tranf. Vol. LI. part II. p. 566. 
t Philof. Tranf. No 372, or Eamcs’s Abr. vol. VI. part 11 . 
p. 203, and Jones’s Abr. vol. V. part II. p. 1969 
* X Ray’s Travels, old edition, p. 273. 
cannot 
