[ 124 ] 
to healthfulnefs, number of inhabitants, and its in- 
fluence on population. The obfervations I have 
made may, perhaps, help to fliew how the mofl; is to 
be made of the lights afforded by the London bills, 
and ferve as a fpecimen of the proper method of cal- 
culating from them. It is indeed extremely to be 
wlflied that they were lefs imperfedl than they are, 
and extended further. More pariflies round London 
might be taken into them; and, by an eafy improve- 
ment in the parifli regifters now kept, they might be 
420.000. In order to be mere fure of avoiding excefs, I will 
call them only 400,000. In Dr. Halley’s Table the proportion 
of all the living under 16 and above 60, to the reft of the living, 
is 13.33 20; and this will make the number of people now 
living in the four provinces of New England to be 666,000. 
But, on account of the rapid increafe, this proportion mult be 
confiderably greater in New England, than that given by Dr. 
Halley’s Table. In New Jerfey, I have faid the number of 
people under 16 was found to be almoft equal to the number 
above 16. Suppofe, however, that in New England, where the 
increafe is fomewhat flower, the proportion I have mentioned is 
only 16 to 20, and then the whole number of people will be 
720.000. 
1 cannot conclude this note without adding a remark to re- 
move an objection which may occur to fome in reading Dr. He- 
berden’s account of Madeira, to which I have referred. In that 
account 5945 is given as the number of children under feven in 
the ifland, at the beginning of the year 1767. T'he medium of 
annual births, for eight years, had been 2201 ; of burials 1293. 
In fix years, therefore, 13,206 muft have been born ; and if, at 
the end of fix years, no more than 5945 of thefe were alive, 
1210 muft have died every year. That is ; almoft all the bu- 
rials in the ifland, for fix years, muft have been burials of 
children under feven years of age. This is plainly incredible ; 
and, therefore, it feems certain, that the number of children 
under feven years of age muft, through fome miftake, be given, 
in that account, 3000 or 4000 too little. 
extended 
