Roses of Yesterday 
469 
simple flower garden which needs no highly-skilled 
care, still are happy in the old Summer Roses I have 
named. 
A Rose hedge is the most beautiful of all garden 
walls and the most ancient. Professor Koch says 
that long before men customarily surrounded their 
gardens with walls, that they had Rose hedges. He 
tells us that each of the four great peoples of Asia 
owned its own beloved Rose, carried in all wander- 
ings, until at last the four became common to all 
races of men. Indo-Germanic stock chose the hun- 
dred-leaved red Rose, Rosa gallica (the best Rose 
for conserves). Rosa damascena , which blooms 
twice a year, and the Musk Rose were cherished 
by the Semitic people ; these were preferred for 
attar of Roses and Rose water. The yellow Rose, 
Rosa lutea , or Persian Rose, was the flower of 
the Turkish Mongolian people. Eastern Asia 
is the fatherland of the Indian and Tea Roses. 
The Rose has now become as universal as sunlight. 
Even in Iceland and Lapland grows the lovely Rosa 
nitida . 
We say these Roses are common to all peoples, 
but we have never in America been able to grow 
yellow Roses in ample bloom in our gardens. 
Many that thrive in English gardens are unknown 
here. The only yellow garden Rose common in 
old gardens was known simply as the cc old yellow 
Rose,” or Scotch Rose, but it came from the far 
East. In a few localities the yellow Eglantine was 
seen. 
The picturesque old custom of paying a Rose for 
