76 
BULLETIN 57, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
1899. Gelasinus Matschie, Flederm. des Berliner Mus. fiir Naturk., p. 81. 
1899. Bdelygma Matschie, Flederm. des Berliner Mus. fiir Naturk., p. 82 
(subgenus for Harpy ia major Dobson). 
1902. Nyctimene Thomas, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XV, p. 198, October 
10, 1902. 
1905. Nyctymene Thomas, Proc. Zool. Soc. London (1904), p. 188, April 
18, 1905. ’ 
Type-species— V espertilio cephalotes Pallas. 
Geographic distribution . — From Celebes and Halmahera to the 
Bismarck Archipelago and northern Australia. 
Number of forms . — Six forms of Nyctymene are now known. 
Characters— Dental formula : 
- 2 -. 1.-2345 — .1 - 1 1 - 1 3 - 3 1 - 1 ^ 
- - -. 1 . - 2 3 4 5 6 - * 0 - 0 ’ c 1 - 1 ’ pm 3 - 3 ’ m 2 - 2 4 ' 
Incisors large, completely filling space between canines, their crowns 
subterete and distinctly marked off from shafts hy well-developed cin- 
gula ; cutting edge well developed, notched near outer side. Canines 
(Plates VII, VIII, fig. 2) strong and rather short, their anterior sur- 
face smoothly rounded, the lower simple, in contact just above cingu- 
lum, their tips slightly diverging, the upper with well-developed sec-' 
ondary cusp usually present, though this occasionally (N. robinsoni) 
represented by a mere thickening of the enamel. Small premolar 
(pm 2 and pm 2 ) well developed, its crown terete and slightly flat- 
tened, the tooth just equal to cingulum of canine in height. Second 
lower molar like small premolar, but crown nearly double as large 
and obscurely quadrate in outline. Other cheek teeth (pm 3 , pm 4 , 
pm 3 , pm 4 , m ^ and m 2 ) essentially alike in form, those in each jaw 
gradually diminishing in size from before backward, the median 
groove deep but much distorted by the large anterior cusps which 
are so developed as to obliterate most of the horizontal surface of the 
crown except in the upper molar and first lower molar; inner cusp 
showing a distinct tendency to become terete, especially m % p?n 3 and 
pm 3 , and outer cusp, except in pm 4 and m *, tending to be bifid. 
Skull short and heavy, the distance from orbit to nares less than 
lachrymal width; brain case narrow and very little deflected, the 
alveolar line projected backward, passing about through condyle; 
occiput not tubular ; audital bullae better developed than in Pteropus , 
but less so than in Cynopterus ; mandible practically without angular 
process. Externally characterized by presence of well-developed tail, 
a claw on index finger, conspicuously tubular nostrils, and attachment 
of wings low on sides of bod}^ and to bases of second and third toes. 
Species examined. — Nyctymene cephalotes (Pallas), N. major 
(Dobson), A. albiventer (Gray), N. aello Thomas, N. robinsoni 
Thomas, and N . lullulce Thomas. 
