96 
BULLETIN 57, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. 
1872. Noctilionidce (part; NoctiUonince) Gill, Arrangement of the Families 
of Mammals, p. 17. 
1875. Emballonuridce (part; Emballonurince, part, Noctiliones ) Dobson, 
Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., XVI, p. 349. November, 1875. 
1878. Emballonuridce (part; Emballonurince, part, Noctiliones ) Dobson, 
Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 353. 
1886. NoctilionidcB Gill, Standard Natural History, V, p. 171. 
1889. Brachyuridce Ameghino, Actas de la Acad. Nac. de Ciencas de la Rep. 
Argentina en Cordoba, VI, p. 350. 
1891 . Emballonuridw (part; Emballonurince, part, Noctilionine division) 
Flower and Lydekker, Mammals Living and Extinct, p. 666. 
1892. Phyllostomaticlce (part; Mormopini, part) Winge, Jordfundne og 
nulevende Flagermus (Chiroptera) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas Geraes, 
Brasilien, p. 24. 
Geographic distribution . — Tropical America, north to Cuba and 
southern Mexico. 
Characters . — Humerus with trochiter much smaller than trochin, 
its articulation with scapula slight and indefinite, by an ill-defined 
surface less than one-third as large as glenoid fossa, the two tubercles 
rising barely to level of head, epitrochlea well developed, with dis- 
tinct spinous process, capitellum slightly out of line with shaft; 
second manal digit with metacarpal as long as that of third, its 
single phalanx very short and rudimentary; third finger with two 
phalanges, the terminal of which, as well as that of fourth digit, lies 
folded beneath first when wing is at rest; shoulder girdle normal, 
the keel on the mesosternum (Plate XIII, fig. 2), slightly developed, 
seventh cervical vertebra not fused with first dorsal; foot normal, 
but with enormously developed bony calcar, supported by greatly 
enlarged, distally expanded, and flattened calcaneum (Plate XIII, 
fig. 1) ; fibula thread-like, extending to head of tibia, but cartilagi- 
nous at its upper extremity; pelvis (Plate XIII, figs. 3-6), abnormal, 
the ischia fused together and with under side of laterally-compressed, 
urostyle-like sacrum, a symphysis pubis also present in males ; skull 
without distinct postorbital processes; premaxillaries represented bv 
both nasal and palatal branches, fused in adult with each other and 
with maxillaries, the nasal branches unusually long and well devel- 
oped, the palatal branches short and scarcely visible from below, 
though easily distinguishable in young skulls on floor of nares; pal- 
ate completely closed anteriorly; teeth normal; ears separate; muzzle 
without leaf-like outgrowths ; orifice of mouth transverse, not extend- 
ing behind canines, the very full lips forming distinct cheek pouches. 
History . — The history of the family Xoctilionidae is sufficiently 
indicated by the synonymy on page 95. From this it will be seen that 
the group was originally associated with the Vespertilionidse, but 
that, by most recent authors, it has been placed in the Emballonuridae. 
In 1886 Gill recognized it as a distinct family. Winge in 1892 united 
