THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF BATS. 
109 
Family ITIPPOSIDEPvIDyE. 
1821. V espertilionidw (part; Race 1, part) Gray, London Medical Reposi- 
tory, XV, p. 299, April 1, 1821. 
1827. Rhinolophina Lesson, Man. de Mammalogie, p. 81 ‘(part). 
1831. V espertiliones ( V espertilionidw ) (part; Rhinolophina, part) Bona- 
parte, Saggio di una distrib. metodica degli Anim. Vert., p. 16. 
1838. V espertilionidw (part; Rhinolophina, part) Bonaparte, Nuovi Annali 
delle Scienze Naturali, Bologna, Anno I, Tomo II, p. 112. 
1838. V espertilionidw (part; Phyllostomina, part) Gray, Mag. Zool. and 
Bot., II, p. 486. December, 1838. 
1854. \Rhinolophidw ] “ Rhinoloplaides ” Gervais, Histoire Naturelle des 
Mammiferes, p. 200 (part). 
1865. Rhinolophi Peters, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wissensch., Berlin, p. 
256 (part). 
1866. Rhinolopliidw (part; Rhinolophina, part, and Rhinonycterina) Gray, 
Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 81. 
1872. Rhinolopliidw Gill, Arrangement of tbe Families of Mammals, p. 17 
(part). 
1875. Rhinolopliidw (part; Pliyllo rhininw) Dobson, Ann. and Mag. Nat. 
Hist., 4th ser., XVI, p: 348, November, 1875. 
1878. Rhinolopliidw (part; Phyllorhininw) Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. 
Mus., p. 123. 
1886. Rliinolophiw (part; Phyllorhininw ) Gill, Standard Natural History, 
V, p. 164. 
1891. Rhinolopliidw (part; Hipposiderinw) Flower and Lydekker, Mam- 
mals, living and extinct, p. 657. 
1892. Rhinolopliidw (part; Rhinolophini, part, Phyllorhinw ) Winge, Jord- 
fundne og nulevende Flagermus (Chiroptera) fra Lagoa Santa, Minas 
Geraes, Brasilien, p. 24. 
Geographic distribution. — Tropical parts of the Old World, east to 
the Philippine Islands, New Ireland, and Australia ; in Amoy and 
the Himalayas the range extends somewhat beyond the tropical 
region, as well as in Morocco, Africa. 
Characters. — Like the Rhinolopliidae, but pectoral and pelvic gir- 
dles, more highly modified, toes with two phalanges each, and lumbar 
vertebrae showing a marked tendency to become fused into a solid 
rod. In the pectoral girdle the fusion of the first and second ribs 
involves the entire bone to and including the corresponding dorsal 
vertebrae. There is thus produced a solid ring of bone consisting 
of the seventh cervical vertebra, first and second dorsals, first and 
second ribs, and entire presternum, the elements of the ring indicated 
by a slit-like vacuity above, between the ribs and one or two small 
roundish vacuities below. Pelvic girdle like that of the Rhinolopliidae 
posteriorly, but anteriorly with a supplemental bridge of bone con- 
necting acicular process with front of ilium and producing a pre- 
acetabular foramen slightly exceeding the thyroid foramen in size. 
Lumbar vertebrae fused, in many species so completely that the bound- 
aries between the centra are quite obliterated; hypophyses absent. 
