THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF BATS. 
169 
Characters . — Dental formula : 
- 2 3. 1. - - 3 4 5 6 - , 2 - 2 1 - 1 2-2 2 - 2_ 
12 1. - 2-156-^2 - 2’ G 1 - l’^ m 2-2 ’ m 2 - 2 — 
Upper incisors small, subequal, forming a discontinuous, nearly 
straight row between canines. Inner tooth larger than outer, its 
crown narrow, longer than high, the cutting edge rising to a point 
at middle and slightly emarginate on each side, the emarginations 
sometimes deep enough to make the crown appear tricuspid. Outer 
incisor with indistinct cusp at outer edge. Lower incisors equal, 
low, closely crowded in straight line between canines, their crowns 
transversely grooved. Upper canines flattened antero-posteriorly, 
the anterior surface concave just above base, the tip distinctly bent 
backward ; posterior surface convex below, concave above ; cutting 
edges well developed. Lower canines similar, but smaller, the front 
surface’ slightly and evenly convex from base to tip, the posterior 
surface concave. Premolars not very different from lower canines, 
the mandibular teeth almost exactly similar, except that their bases 
are longer and their shafts not as high. Posterior upper premolar 
with distinct though small supplemental cusp on posterior cutting 
edge, and with concave surface of crown noticeably roughened. 
Molars, both upper and lower, of the ordinary Stenodermine type, 
but with its peculiarities carried to the extreme ; m 1 almost twice 
as broad as long; hypocone, protocone, and paracone directly in line 
with each other and nearly equidistant, all well developed ; meta- 
cone long and low, a small supplemental cusp between paracone 
and metacone; outer cingulum obsolete, the inner well developed 
and extending to point of paracone; m 2 more than half as large as 
m 1 , the four normal cusps present, but the two outer very short, 
almost terete, and the metacone considerably displaced inward by 
the abrupt rounding off of postero-external angle of crown. Crush- 
ing surfaces of both teeth finely and closely wrinkled. Lower 
molars not specially modified, each with the usual two inner and 
two outer cusps and a flattish, very wide, finely corrugated crushing 
surface. Anterior molar broadest posteriorly, posterior broadest 
anteriorly; m 2 with about two-thirds the crown area of m x (Plate 
VI, fig. 2). Skull with high, rounded, narrow braincase, and prac- 
tically no rostrum, the nares being at level of anterior zygomatic 
root and opening directly above incisors. Sagittal crest distinct, 
extending over entire brain case. Palate very wide and short, its 
length only about half its width. Posteriorly it is angular-emar- 
ginate by forward extension of interpterygoid space. Pterygoids 
simple, rather strongly diverging posteriorly, with distinct, outward- 
curved hamular processes. Between pterygoids and audital bulla} 
lies a broad, flat space, traversed by a median longitudinal ridge. 
