THE FAMILIES AND GENEEA OF BATS. 
219 
Genus PACHYOTUS Gray. 
1821. BcotophUus Leach, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, XIII, p. 69 (Jcuhlii). 
Not Scotophila Hiibner, 1816. 
1831. Pachyotus Gray, Zoological Miscellany, No. 1, p. 38 (part). Name^ 
applied to a genus formed by combining Nycticeius and Scotophilus. 
1878. Scotophilus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 256 (part). 
Type-species. — Scotophilus huhlii Leach. 
Geographic distribution. — Africa, Madagascar, Southern Asia, and 
the Malay Archipelago. 
Number of forms . — Ten species of this genus, the 4 subgenus Scoto- 
philus 5 of recent authors, are currently recognized. 
Characters.- — Externally as in Eptesicus. Skull with no special 
peculiarities; in the largest species a high backward-projecting 
occipital crest is developed. Teeth (Plates I, II, fig. 2) as in Nyc- 
ticeius , except that the molars are distinctly abnormal. First and 
second upper molars with main cusps close together and so displaced 
outward that the protocone of m x is near middle of crown ; styles 
reduced, particularly the mesostyle, which in some species ( gig as , 
heathi , nigrita) is practically absent, thus greatly distorting the W 
pattern ; third upper molar with protocone, paracone, parastyle, and 
two commissures, of which the second is very short. Lower molars 
with hypoconid and entoconid reduced in size, so that the second tri- 
angle in each tooth is smaller than the first and with the cusps notice- 
ably lower ; in m 3 the second triangle is so reduced that the homology 
of its single remaining cusp can not be satisfactorily determined. 
Species examined. — Pachyotus castaneus (Horsfield), P. gig as 
(Dobson), P. heathi (Horsfield), P. huhlii Leach, P. nigrita (Schre- 
ber), P. wroughtoni (Thomas). 
Remarks. — From the related genera of Vespertilionidse this group 
is readily distinguishable by the peculiarities of the molars. In the 
form of these teeth it is almost exactly paralleled by some of the 
quite unrelated Megadermidse, while the line of development, of 
which this represents the first step, is carried much further in Harpio- 
cephalus . 
Genus CHALINOLOBUS Peters. 
1866. Glialinolohus Peters, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wissensck., Berlin, 
p. 680. 
1878. Chalinolobus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 246 (part). 
Type-species. — V espertilio tuberculatus Forster. 
Geographic distribution. — New Zealand and Australia. 
Number, of forms. — Four species of Chalinolobus are currently 
recognized. 
Characters. — Dental formula : 
- 2 3. 1. - 2- 4 5 6 1 .2-2 1-1 2-2 3-3 of 
1 2 3. 1. - 2 - 4 5 6 7 % 3-3’ C m S-3~ U ' 
