THE FAMILIES AND GENERA OF BATS. 251 
hairs about 10 mm. in length on under side of neck in region of 
conspicuous gular sac. 
Species examined. — Cheiromeles torquatus Horsfield. 
Remarks. — Although so highly modified externally this genus is 
typically Molossine in its dental and skeletal characters. The skull, 
in fact, is less specialized in form than that of Molossus , Platymops , 
or Molossops , and the only noticeable peculiarity of the teeth is the 
reduced transverse diameter of the upper molars. This, however, is 
not accompanied by any modification of the cusps. The upper in- 
cisors are remarkably like those of Molossus , and the tragus resembles 
that of the same genus. It is unlikely that this indicates any near 
relationship, as Molossus is one of the genera with incomplete pre- 
maxillary, while in Cheiromeles the palatal branch is well developed, 
so that two palatal foramina are always formed. 
Genus NYCTINOMUS Geoffroy. 
1813. Nyctinomus Geoffroy, Desc-i*. de l’Egypte, II, p. 114 ( cegyptiacus )„ 
1821. Nyctinoma Bowdich, Anal. Nat. Class. Mamin., p. 28. 
1821. Nyctinomes Gray, London Medical Repository, XV, p. 299, April 1, 
1821. 
1822. Nyctinomia Fleming, Philos, of Zoology, II, p. 178. 
1842. Mops Lesson, Nouv. Tabl. Regne Anim., p. 18 ( Mops indicus Lesson= 
Dysopes mops F. Cuvier). 
1878. Nyctinomus Dobson, Catal. Chiropt. Brit. Mus., p. 420 (part). 
1902. N yctinomops Miller, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Philadelphia, p. 393, Sep- 
tember 12, 1902 (femorosaccus ) . 
Type- species. — Nyctinomus cegyptiacus Geoffroy. 
Geographic distribution. — Warmer portions of both hemispheres, 
north to southern Europe and the southern United States, east to the 
Philippines and Norfolk Island. 
Number of forms. — About 40 species of Nyctinomus are now recog- 
nized, 16 of which occur in America. 
Characters. — Dental formula : 
-2 -. 1. -2-4567 .1-1 1-1 1-1 2-2 3-3 
12( 3). 1: -2-4567 ’ * 2=8 01 3=3’ c LI’ pm L2’ “ Lb = 30 ° F ^ 
Upper incisors simple, well developed, about half as high as 
canines, wide apart at base, strongly converging at tip, separated 
from canine by space about equal to their greatest diameter, shaft 
narrowing both above and below slightly developed cingulum, its 
apex blunt. Lower incisors equal, bifid, their crowns in contact -with 
each other and with canine, and usually somewhat imbricated, the 
cutting edge about on level with cingulum of canine; third incisor, 
when present (N. tceniotis and the N. brasiliensis group), less than 
half the size of the others, its crown scarcely bifid ; canines strong and 
well developed, but not peculiar in form, the cingulum distinct, but 
