ITALIAN GARDEN-MAGIC 
gardens will be struck with the way in which the archi- 
tect broadened and simplified his plan if it faced a 
grandiose landscape. Intricacy of detail, complicated 
groupings of terraces, fountains, labyrinths and porti- 
coes, are found in sites where there is no great sweep 
of landscape attuning the eye to larger impressions. 
The farther north one goes, the less grand the land- 
scape becomes and the more elaborate the garden. The 
great pleasure-grounds overlooking the Roman Cam- 
pagna are laid out on severe and majestic lines : the 
parts are few ; the total effect is one of breadth and 
simplicity. 
It is because, in the modern revival of gardening, so 
little attention has been paid to these first principles of 
the art that the garden-lover should not content himself 
with a vague enjoyment of old Italian gardens, but 
should try to extract from them principles which may 
be applied at home. He should observe, for instance, 
that the old Italian garden was meant to be lived in — 
a use to which, at least in America, the modern garden 
is seldom put. He should note that, to this end, the 
grounds were as carefully and conveniently planned as 
the house, with broad paths (in which two or more 
could go abreast) leading from one division to another ; 
with shade easily accessible from the house, as well as 
a sunny sheltered walk for winter ; and with effective 
transitions from the dusk of wooded alleys to open 
flowery spaces or to the level sward of the bowling- 
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