44 
A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
CHAPTER 
r. 
Quicklime. 
Appearance 
of the 
country. 
Bangalore . 
tuffa. I have already stated, that they appear to be the Calcareus 
cequabilis incarnatus of Wallerins , or Marmor margaceum of Linnceus. 
Mr. Kir wan would probably call them silicious marlites. The small 
pieces of quartz have evidently been involved by the calcarious 
matter, while that was in the act of deposition. 
The burning of these calcarious nodules into quicklime, which 
they produce of a beautiful white colour, is at Cat colli the occupa- 
tion of about ten families. The stones are brought from a distance 
of five miles; some on oxen, but the greater part on men’s heads. 
The lime is burned in kilns about six feet high ; at the bottom 
about four feet, and at the top about two feet in diameter. The 
structure is of mud wall ; and, in order to give admission to the 
air, it is perforated in many places through its whole height. The 
fewel used is charcoal, the making of which is the duty of the men, 
and the bringing it home that of the women. 
May 10th, — In the morning I travelled from Cat colli to Bangalore , 
through a very naked country, of which about six tenths appear to 
be arable. The, remainder is covered with low bushes, and much 
of it seems capable of being brought into cultivation. Not above 
a twentieth part of the arable ground is watered. The pasture is 
rather better than any that I have seen above the Ghats, and the 
cattle are in rather better condition than those in Bengal are at this 
season, when they are reduced to the lowest state of wretchedness 
compatible with existence. 
The morning being cool and pleasant, I walked through the ruins 
of the Fort of Bangalore, which was constructed by Hyder after the 
best fashion of Mussulman military architecture ; and which was 
destroyed by his son, after he found how little it was fitted to resist 
British valour. The entrance toward the Petta, or town, is a 
very handsome building of cut granite, and was probably consi- 
dered by the defenders as the strongest part of the works. It cer- 
tainly would have been a very difficult matter to have forced a way 
through all the various gateways in this entrance ; as the troops, 
