I 
U A JOURNEt FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
CHAPTER, consider their souls as being portions of the divinity, and do not 
believe in transmigration as a punishment for sin. They are readily 
distinguished by three horizontal stripes on the forehead, made 
with the ashes of cow-dung. 
Sri Vaish- 
navum. 
Madual. 
Various 
names for 
forts. 
The next most numerous sect of the Brahmans here, are the fol- 
lowers of Kama Amija A chary a, who form about three tenths of the 
whole. They are called Sri Vaishnavum and A'ayngar , and may 
readily be known by three vertical marks on the forehead, con- 
nected by a common line above the nose, and formed of a white 
clay. They abhor Iswara, calling him the chief of the Rakshasa, or 
devils, and worship only Vishnu, and the gods of his family. They 
form two sects ; the TVadagalay, who believe in transmigration, and 
the Tangalay , who do not. 
The Madual form the remaining two tenths of the Brahmans . 
These use the vertical marks on the forehead, which are appropriate 
to the followers of Vishnu; but they worship Siva also ; they believe 
in the generation of the gods in a literal sense, thinking Vishnu to 
he the father of Brahma , and Brahma to be the father of Siva. 
All these sects admit the authority of the sam e. Purlins ; but each 
sect explains some obscure / passages so as to confirm its own 
doctrines. 
Each sect of Brahmans has here a number of followers, in propor 
tion nearly to its own comparative strength. This, I am told, is not 
the case in Bengal, where the sect of Iszvara or Mahadava prevails 
among the Brahmans, while that of Vishnu is the most common 
among the vulgar. 
27th April . — In the morning I went to Oulur Sat-ghadam, which 
is a Choultry, or inn, with hardly any houses in its neighbourhood ; 
but it is remarkable for having formerly had seven hill-forts in its 
vicinity; and from this circumstance it derives its appellation, Sat - 
ghadam . In the Decany dialect of the Musulman language, Ghadrnn 
signifies a fortress situated on a hill, while Kilah is applied to one 
built on a plain. In the Sanscrit language, Patanam or Fatana is 
