10S A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
CHAPTER rain of Bkddrapada, which commences on the 21st of August. It 
requires no manure, and the seed is covered by a fourth plough- 
May 20 , &c. ing. In three months it ripens without farther trouble, and is then 
pulled up by the roots, and stacked for eight days : after which it 
is spread in the sun to dry, and next day is trodden out by oxen. 
The seed for sowing must be well dried in the sun, and preserved 
in Mudies; the remainder is kept in pots, or in the Canajci . It is 
used for human food, either dressed as Curry , or parched ; but the 
. chief consumption of it is for cattle, both horses and bullocks. The 
straw is an excellent fodder, and is preferred even to that of Ragy. 
. It is generally sown on the two worst soils, in fields that are never 
used for any thing else; but it. also follows as a second crop after 
Jola; or, when from want of rain the crop of Ragy has failed, the 
Held is ploughed up, and sown with Horse-gram. In this case, the 
next crop of Ragy will be very poor, unless it be allowed a great 
quantity of manure. In places where the red and black Horse- 
grams are kept separate, the black kind is sown from twelve to 
twenty days later than the other. 
Garlay , or Car lay is the Cicer Arietinum of Limueus, the Cadaly of the 
l *un ArL ' U ~ Tmnuls, the Shenigalu of the Telinga language, the Herbary of the 
Denary Mussulmans, the Putny Chola of the Bengalese, and the 
Putny Bhut of Hindustan. On the banks of the Ganges , this grain 
is the common food given to horses, and is very well fitted to make 
them fat and sleek, but it does not seem to invigorate. In the 
peninsula it is too dear to be given as food for horses, and indeed, 
even for men, is considered as a delicacy. There is only one kind 
of it that is commonly sown as a second crop, after Jola; but it 
requires the richest black soil. When sown alternately with Ragy , 
it seems neither to injure nor improve the ground. It has no ma- 
nure. From the 15th of Srtveana till the 10th of Bkddrapada, that is, 
from the 5th till the 29th of August, plough five times. The seed 
is then placed in rows, every way distant from each other a span. 
Each row is then covered by a furrow drawn with the plough. In 
