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MYSORE, CANARA, AND MALABAR. 117 
only buffaloes ; as these animals continue in milk longer, and give CHAPTER 
it in greater quantities, than the cows do; and the grand object 
of the Gauly is to supply cities and camps with the produce of his May 20, &c„ 
dairy. Three men, one woman, and two oxen, are required to ma- 
nage twelve female buffaloes. One man, with the assistance of the 
two oxen, brings the grass for their nightly consumption ; one man 
collects the various articles of dry food given to them in the house ; 
and the third conducts them to pasture and drink, and milks them. 
The woman prepares the milk, and carries it to market. Near a 
camp, in order to prevent the woman from mixing too much with 
the soldiery, the last two persons exchange offices. 
Early in the morning the buffalo receives the inner husks of 
rice, or the farinaceous cakes remaining, after the expression of oil, 
from the seeds of the Sesamum or Huts’ Ellu : these are mixed with 
water, and given as the morning drink. The keepers have also a 
pot in which they collect the water wherein their rice or other 
grain has been boiled, and into which is thrown the remains of all 
their farinaceous food. They add to this by collecting, through 
the villages, similar materials from all those who can spare them, 
making in return occasional presents of butter-milk. The acidulous 
contents of this pot are also given to the buffaloes as part of their 
morning drink. They are then milked, and at about seven o’clock 
in the morning are sent out to pasture in the waste lands. During 
the Sultan’s government there was great difficulty in procuring pas- 
ture, as the whole was reserved for his horses and deer. At present, 
it is in plenty, and the buffalo-keepers pay nothing for it. The 
buffalo requires drink again at noon, and in the evening. About 
noon, in hot weather, she throws herself into the water or mud of 
a tank, if there be one accessible at a convenient distance ; and, 
leaving nothing above water but her nose, continues there for five 
or six hours, or until the heat abates : she is then carefully washed 
by the keeper, and driven home. In cold weather, before she 
retires in the evening, she must be forced to the tanker well, in 
