284 
A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
CHAPTER 
V. 
July 8, &c. 
Udu, lies- 
saru, JVull’ 
Ellu. 
Sugar-cane. 
is very inferior to that of Ragy, and when given in a green state is 
highly prejudicial to them. When there is a deficiency of water, 
Jola is also sometimes sown in place of the Valsdka crop of rice. It 
is then sown toward the end of Aswaj a, or 18th of October; but 
grows very poorly, and does not give more than one-half of what 
it produces in the rainy season. 
In the following manner are cultivated the pulses called Udu and 
Hessaru , and WulV Ellu (Sescimum). Immediately after cutting the 
Vaisaka crop of rice, plough the ground four times, sow the seed 
broad-cast, and cover it with the plough. They require neither 
manure, nor weeding. The pulses require about 0,-^^- Winchester 
bushel of seed an acre, and in a good crop produce about Sj bushels. 
The Sesamum requires only half as much seed, and in a good crop 
produces bushels. 
The kinds of sugar-cane cultivated here are four, which are 
esteemed in the following order, 1st Restall , 2d Puttaputti, 3d 
Mciracctbo , 4th Cuttaycabo . The two last are very small, seldom 
exceeding the thickness of the little finger; yet the Cuttaycabo is 
the one most commonly cultivated. This is owing to its requiring 
little water ; for by means of the machine called Yatam it may have a 
supply sufficient to bring it to maturity. From the end of Phalguna 
to the end of Chaitra ( 14th March — 23d April) plough eight or ten 
times. Manure the field with dung, and plough it again. Then 
spread leaves on it, and cover them with the plough. By the small 
channels that are to convey the water, the field is then divided 
into beds eight cubits broad. Furrows are then drawn across the 
beds at the distance of nine inches from each other. The cuttings 
of cane, each containing four or five eyes, are then placed length- 
wise in the furrows, the end of the one touching that of the other. 
They are covered with a very little earth, over which is laid some 
dung. They are then watered, the water flowing through every 
channel, and entering every furrow. For one month the watering 
is repeated once in three days ; the earth round the canes must then 
