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‘283 A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
CHAPTER the other two kinds, plough three times in the course of Ashadha 
(^3d June — 21st July) ; then, after the first good rain, sow broad- 
July s, &c. cast, plough in the seed, and harrow. They do not necessarily re- 
quire dung; but if any can be spared, they will grow the better for 
it. When ripe, which happens also in three months, the}^ are ma- 
naged as the other kind is. The seed and produce of all are nearly 
the same. Seed T V o Vo peck an acre. Produce in a good crop, 15 
fold, or 3 bushels j peck an acre; in a middling crop, 10 fold, or 
2 bushels -f- peck. 
Huts’ -Ellu. The corymbiferons oil-bearing plant, called Huts' -Ellu, is never 
sown here as a second crop. After the male, or heavy rains are over, 
plough once, sow broad-cast, and plough in the seed. It gets no 
manure, and in three months ripens without farther trouble. It is 
then cut down near the root, stacked for six days, dried in the 
sun for three, and trodden out. The seed is preserved in store- 
houses ; the straw is used only as manure. For seed, an acre requires / 
TcToV parts of a peck, and in a good crop produces rather more than 
one bushel, while in a middling one it does not produce quite 31- 
pecks. 
Harulu. In the fields here, both the great and small kinds of Harulu , or 
Ricinus, are cultivated; but, although the mode of cultivation is 
the same for both, they are always kept separate. In the beginning 
of the female or slight rains plough twice. When the rains become 
heavy, plough again ; and then, at the distance of J of a cubit from 
each other in all directions, place the seeds in the furrows. When 
the plants are a span high, weed with the plough, throwing the 
earth up in ridges at the roots of the plants. At the end of the first 
and second months from the former weeding, repeat this operation. 
In four months it begins to give ripe fruit; and once in the four 
days the bunches that are ripe are collected in a pit until a sufficient 
quantity is procured. It is then exposed to the sun, and the busks 
are beaten off with a stick. In the May following, the plant dries 
up, and is cut for fewel. It is only cultivated in the good Ragy 
