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MYSORE, CANARA, AND MALABAR. S89 
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soils, which it rather improves for that grain, although it gets no CHAPTER 
dung. The small kind is reckoned the best, and most productive. 
Th e Cambu (Holcus spicatus) used here is of the kind named &C ' J 
Sana, or Chica, both of which words signify small. In the course of 
eight or ten days in Vaisaka (23d April — 23d May) plough twice, 
then sow broad-cast, and plough in the seed. No manure is re- 
quired. The field is then harrowed, and smoothed with a bunch of 
thorns. Some people, along with this grain, put drills of the pulses 
called Tovaray and Horse- gram. At the end of the first month 
superfluous plants are destroyed by drawing furrows throughout 
the field, at the distance of four inches. Much care is necessary 
in guarding this crop, and that of Jala, from the paroquets, which 
are very destructive. It ripens very unequally. At the end of the 
third month, the first set of ears are cut off ; in ten days more, a 
second set ; and at a similar interval, the last set is reaped. The 
whole is kept in a heap, until two days after the last cutting ; when 
it is dried in the sun five or six days, and then trodden out. It is 
commonly preserved in pits, where it does not keep longer than 
five or six months. The grain is sometimes given to horses ; but 
is also used for the food of man, both boiled entire, and made into 
flour. Cattle eat the straw, but it is chiefly used for thatch. It is 
sown on good Ragy soil, but rather exhausts it, the following crop 
requiring an increased quantity of manure. A good crop is reckoned 
twenty seeds, a middling one fifteen fold. 
The pulse called Hessaru is here commonly raised on dry-field. Hessaru . 
It requires a black clay ; and, although it have no manure, it does 
not injure the following crop of Ragy. In the course of a few days 
in Vaisaka plough twice, sow broad-cast, plough in the seed, and 
harrow. In three months it ripens without farther trouble. It is 
then cut by the ground, stacked for six days, dried in the sun for 
four, and trodden out by oxen as usual. The grain, for use, is pre- 
served in store-houses, and does not keep good more than two 
months, even although it be occasionally dried. The straw is totally 
Yol. L P p 
