302 
A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
CHAPTER 
Manufac- 
tures. 
Nature of 
commerce. 
Customs of 
the Mucha • 
Some of them, being constant traders, take from the custom-houses 
what they call Cowl, or protection; and on that account pay only 
one half of the duties that are exacted from occasional visitors. A 
merchant who has this kind of protection, for every 800 Maunds of 
Betel-nut , worth about 5501. pays to the Nabob's custom-houses, on 
the way between this and fVallaja petta, 33 Star Pagodas, or a little 
more than 12/. 
In the country villages much coarse cloth is made by the Whal - 
liaru weavers. Those in the town are Devangas and Shaynigaru, who 
make the white cotton cloth with silk borders called Putaynskina. 
They make also the muslins called Sada Sfiilla , and Dutary, and 
white turbans. 
Merchants from Balahari , Advany , Naragunda , Namlagunda , 
Maynashigy, Jaliali , and Anagiri , places near the Krishna river, 
bring cotton wool, cotton thread, dark blue cotton cloth, Terra 
Japonica , asafoetida, dates, almonds, and Mailtuta, which is used as 
a dentifrice. The merchants of Balahari take back in cash f of the 
returns, and the remainder in castor-oil, Popli dye, and Jagory . 
The other merchants take back the whole in cash. The merchants 
of Hyder-Nagar bring betel-nut , black-pepper, and sandal- wood. 
They take back cash, and a little white muslin. Here the merchants 
of Seringapatam purchase cloth with cash. The merchants of Gubi 
bring betel-nut , and black-pepper ; and take back cloth, and some 
money. From Sira the same articles are brought ; the returns are 
entirely in cloth. From Bala-pura are brought sugar, and some 
cloth fitted for the dress of women. From the lower Carnatic the 
merchants bring salt, and the goods that are imported by sea from 
Europe, China, Malacca, &c. with a considerable balance of money 
due for the betel-nut, black-pepper, garlick, tamarinds, Shicai (fruit 
of the Mimosa saponaria), and grain, that are sent from hence. The 
silk is all brought from Bangalore , and no cotton grows in the 
country. 
In this place are settled a kind of shoe-makers called Muchaweru ; 
