414 
A JOURNEY FROM MADRAS THROUGH 
VI. 
Aug. 1—0. 
CHAPTER pay a higher rent than the former occupant. In some villages a 
new bargain is made once a year; in others, it is usual to make a 
bargain for each crop. In general, the bargain is made for a cer- 
tain sum of money ; at other times the farmers will only agree to 
cultivate the lands according to the usual division of crops. In 
every village the custom in doing this differs. At the Kasba, or 
chief town of the district, the following is the manner in which it 
is done. The division is alwa}^s made on the actual measurement. 
Upon every Candaca, or 1920 Seers, are paid, 
To the government for Icala, explained below 
To the Amildar's office, or Cutchery , for oil and stationary 
To mendicant Brahmans , Jangamas , and Mussulman Fakirs 
To the Toty, or watchman ------ 
To the measurer ------- 
To the Pujaris of the temples of the Saktis , See . 
To the Suligaru , or village officers : 
Gauda, or chief ------ 24 
Shanaboga, or accomptant - - - - - 24 
Talliari or Tallawara, or beadle - - - 24 
Nirgunty , or distributor of water - - - 24 
Barber - - - - - - - -12 
Blacksmith - - - - - - -12 
To the government - - - - - - 7b8 
To the farmer - -- -- -- - 7 68 
Seers. 
1 92 
24 
12 
6 
6 
24 
Seers - 1 920 
The Icala is given in place of stoppages which were formerly 
made for officers, to whom the government now pays fixed salaries. 
The hereditary Gauda, or chief, receives his fee, whether he rents 
the village or not. Where the soil is bad, and machinery has been 
used to procure water, the government receives no Icala , and in 
place of one half has only one third share. In the Kdrtika crop the 
priests of the Saktis get nothing. 
