COMPOSITE. 41 
tod although it is probable that the name of Marigold was originally given to tho 
Calendula, the garden Marigold, we think the name is well applied to this plan't 
with its beautiful golden blossoms. It has many other names in different parts of 
England. In some parts it is called "St. John's bloom," in Kent yellow-bottles, 
rnddes or ruddle in Norfolk, gowlans or gcmles in the North of England, and yellow 
gowana or gools in Scotland. In the latter country a custom prevailed at one time, 
called " gool ridings," when the landlords rode over the fields and exacted a penalty 
from farmers on whose ground the conspicuous yellow Marigold predominated. In 
Germany it is used for dyeing yellow. 
Sub-Genus II.— TANACETUM. " C. H. Sclmltz," neic7i.fl. 
Clinanth flattish or slightly convex in fruit. Florets of tho 
ray commonly white, ligulatc, or the ligule sometimes absent. 
Achenes all similar, cylindrical or cylindrical-turbinate or cylin- 
drical-prismatic, equally ribbed. 
Section I.— LEUCANTIIEMUM. Tournef. 
Antliodes solitary. Pericline saucer-shaped. Clinanth flattish 
or slightly convex in fruit. 
srECIES II.— CHRYSANTHEMUM LEUCANTHEMUM. 
Linn. 
Plate DCCXIV. 
Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XVI. Tab. CMLXXXVIII. 
Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1236. 
Tanacetnm Leucauthemum, " G. H. Schultz, liber die Tanacet. p. 35." Reich, fd, I. c, 
p. 49. 
Leucauthemum vulgare, Lam. D. G. Prod. Vol. VI. p. 4 G. Gr. & Godr. Fl. de Fr. 
Vol. II. p. 140. G. II. Schultz, iiber die Tanacet. p. 36. 
Radical leaves spathulate, petiolate ; lower . stem-leaves spa- 
thulate or wedgeshaped, inciso-crenate or shailowly pinnatifid ; 
upper leaves oblong or oblong-strapshaped, sessile, scmi-amplex- 
icaul, serrate, all green. Antliodes solitary at the extremity of 
tho stem and elongated branches. Pericline flattish, of nu- 
merous herbaceous phyllarios with rather narrow dark reddish- 
brown scarious margins and tips, the outer ones lanceolate, 
the inner oblong-strapshaped. Elorets of the ray elongaiod, 
white, rarely absent. Achenes cylindrical, with 5 to 10 very 
prominent nearly equal ribs, those of the ray (generally ?) with a 
short crown, those of the disk naked at the apex. 
vol. v. G 
