38 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
SPECIES VIL— CENT AU RE A SOLSTITIALIS. Linn. 
Plate DCCXII. 
Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XV. Tab. DCCXCV. Fig. 1. 
Billot, FL Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 266. 
Annual. Stem winged throughout, much branched. Radical 
leaves lyrate-pinnatifid, those in the middle and upper part of the 
stem strapshaped, entire, decurrent. Anthodes without leaves in 
their immediate vicinity. Pericline ovate-ovoid, usually arachnoid ; 
appendages of the phyllaries at the base of the pericline with the 
main spine rather short, those in the middle with the spine longer 
than the pericline ; spines not channelled on the upper side at the 
base, with 2 or 3 short spines on each side near the base. Plorcts 
bright - yellow, those of the ray shorter than the fertile ones. 
Pappus longer than the achene. 
In lucerne and sainfoin fields. Rare, and not native. It 
seems to be most persistent in the South-east of Kent. 
[England.] Annual. Late Autumn. 
Plant forming a scrubby bush 18 inches to 2 feet high, with 
the lower part of the stems very stiff, almost woody ; branches 
when young soft, with very broad wings decurrent from the short 
strapshaped leaves. Pericline § to \ inch across ; the spines of the 
middle phyllaries \ to 1 inch across, pale-yellow ; inner phyllaries 
with scarious appendages. Achenes white, with a long pappus 
of soft white hairs. Plant hoary, arachnoid-pubescent. 
St. Barnaby' 8 Thistle. 
French, Cenlauree clu Solstice. German, Sonnenwende FlocJcenblume. 
TIi is plant obtains its trivial name from being supposed to flower about the 
1 1 th June, old style, St. Barnabas-day. Before the alteration in style, the summer 
solstice fell on the 12th June, the day after St. Barnabas, and the old nursery rhyme 
was more appropriate : — 
" Barnaby — Barnaby bright, 
The longest day and the shortest night." 
Sub-Order II.— CORYMB IFERjE. 
Anthodes with the florets of the disk generally perfect and 
tubular, those of the margin female (or rarely neuter) and ligulate 
{heterogamom and radiant); more rarely with all the florets tubular, 
