SCROPllULARIACEJE. 181 
Stem simple or slightly branched. Bracts wholly green. Calyx 
glabrous. Corolla-tube not longer than the calyx-segments ; lobes 
of the upper lip not longer than broad ; lower lip as long as the 
upper. Seeds with a broad membranous border. 
In meadows and damp pastures and marshes. Very common, 
and generally distributed. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Annual. Summer. 
Stem erect, wiry, 4-sided, 3 to 20 inches high, simple in small, 
or with a few branches in large specimens. Leaves opposite, 1 to 2 
inches long, sessile, oblong-lanceolate or oblong-strapshaped, sub- 
cordate at the base ; margins slightly incurved, deeply serrated ; 
upper surface scabrous, glabrous or finely bristly hairy : under sur- 
face reticulated. Flowers in the axils of opposite leaflike bracts, 
which are longer than the calyx, arranged in a spikelike raceme. 
Calyx ^ to f inch long when in fruit, bladdery, reticulate-veined, 
roundish-deltoid, much compressed, with 4 nearly equal teeth, the 
2 upper ones divided much more deeply than the others. Corolla 
\ to 1 inch long, bright-yellow with the tube paler, the limb 
puberulent, yellow ; the upper lip with 2 small bright-blue glabrous 
lobes. Capsule orbicular, compressed so as to be fiat, shorter than 
the calyx, f to \ inch long. Seeds roundish oval, \ inch across, 
of which the border is nearly -^ inch, shining and marked with 
radiating lines. Plant bright-green, glabrous, or with the upper 
side of the leaves pubescent. 
Common Yellow-Hat tie. 
French, Rhinanthe a Pelites Fleurs. German, Kleine Klapper 
This plant is sometimes called Pennyweed, though its usual name of Rattle is 
more familiar, and is given to it from the noise the ripe seeds make in their pods. 
Sub-Species IT.— Rhinanthus major. Ehrh. 
Plate DCCCCXCIX. 
Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XX. Tab. MDCCXXXIX. Fig. 2. 
Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1289. 
E. major, a glabra, F. Schultz. Gr. & Godr. Fl. de Fr. Vol. II. p. 612. 
R. angustifolius, Gmel. Benth. in D. C. Prod. Vol. X. p. 5o$. Hook. & Am. Brit. Fl 
ed. viii. p. 310. 
Alectorolophus major, var. c glabra, Reich, fit. 1. c. p. 66. 
A. "randiflorus, var. a glabratus, Wallrolh, Sched. Crit. p. 316. 
Stem usually copiously paniculately-branched. Bracts yellow 
at the base, with pale-green points. Calyx glabrous. Corolla- 
tube longer than the calyx-segments ; lobes of the upper lip longer 
than broad ; lower lip shorter than the upper. Seeds generally 
with a broad membranous border, rarely nearly apterous. 
