APPENDIX. 
255 
says, ^ I should not look for any species, scarcely for any genus, to be 
perpetuated from the Oolitic period to the present. Admitting the 
actual continuation of the order Enaliosauria, it would be, I think, 
quite in conformity with general analogy to find some salient features 
of several extinct forms.’ 
“ The form and habits of the recently recognised gigantic cuttles 
account for so many appearances which, without knowledge of them, 
were inexplicable when Mr. Gosse and Mr. Newman wrote, that I 
think this theory is not forced upon us. Mr. Gosse well and clearly 
sums up the evidence as follows : ‘ Carefully comparing the inde- 
pendent narratives of English witnesses of known character and 
position, most of them being officers under the Crown, we have a 
creature possessing the following characteristics : (i) The general 
form of a serpent ; (2) great length, say above sixty feet ; (3) head 
considered to resemble that of a serpent ; (4) neck from twelve to 
sixteen inches in diameter ; (5) appendages on the head, neck, or 
back, resembling a crest or mane (considerable discrepancy in details); 
(6) colour, dark brown or green, streaked or spotted with white ; (7) 
swims at surface of the water with a rapid or slow movement, the head 
and neck projected and elevated above the surface ; (8) progression 
steady and uniform, the body straight, but capable of being thrown 
into convolutions ; (9) spouts in the manner of a whale ; (10) like a 
long “nun-buoy.”’ He concludes with the question, ‘To which of 
the recognised classes of created beings can this huge rover of the 
ocean be referred 
“I reply, ‘to the Cephalopoda.’ There is not one of the above 
judiciously summarised characteristics that is not supplied by the 
great Calamary, and its ascertained habits and peculiar mode of 
locomotion. 
“ Only a geologist can fully appreciate how enormously the balance 
of probability is contrary to the supposition that any of the gigantic 
marine Saurians of the secondary deposits should have continued to 
live up to the present time. And yet I am bound to say that this 
does not amount to an impossibility, for the evidence against it is 
entirely negative. Nor is the conjecture that there may be in exist- 
ence some congeners of these great reptiles inconsistent with 
zoological science. Dr, J. E. Gray, late of the British Museum, a 
strict zoologist, is cited by Mr. Gosse as having long ago expressed 
his opinion that some undescribed form exists which is intermediate 
between the tortoises and the serpents*” (This is quoted by Mr, Lee 
in a footnote.) 
