COMPOSITE.. 41 
ind although it is probable that the name of Marigold was originally given to the 
' ■hit, i, the garden Marigold, we think the name is well applied to this plan't 
with its beautiful golden blossoms. It has many other names in different parts of 
England. In some parts it is called "St. John's bloom," in Kent yellow-bottles, 
rnddes or nubile in Norfolk, gowlans or goules in the North of England, and yellow 
gowans or gools in Scotland. In the latter country a custom prevailed at one time, 
called " gool ridings," when the landlords rode over the fields and exacted a penalty 
from farmers on whose ground the conspicuous yellow Marigold predominated. In 
Germany it is used for dyeing yellow. 
Sub-Genus II.— TANACETUM. " C. U. ScJmltz," Eeich.fil. 
Clinanth flattish 01* slightly convex in fruit. Florets of the 
ray commonly white, ligulatc, or the ligule sometimes absent. 
Achenes all similar, cylindrical or cylindrical-turbinate or cylin- 
drical-prismatic, equally ribbed. 
Section I.— LEUCANTHEMUM. Tournef. 
Anthodes solitary. Pcriclinc saucer-shaped. Clinanth flattish 
or slightly convex in fruit. 
srECIES II.— CHRYSANTHEMUM LEUCANTHEMUM. 
Linn. 
Plate DCCXIV 
Reich. Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XVI. Tab. CMLXXXVIII. 
Billot, Fl. Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1236. 
Tanacetum Leucanthemum, " C. II. Schultz, iiber die Tanacet. p. 35." Reich, fit, 1. c, 
p. 49. 
Leucanthemum vulgare, Lam. D. C. Prod. Vol. VI. p. 40. Gr. &, Godr. Fl. de Fr. 
Vol. II. p. 140. C. II. Schultz, iiber die Tanacet. p. 3G. 
Radical leaves spathulate, petiolatc ; lower . stem-leaves spa- 
thulatc or wedgeshaped, inciso-crenate or shallowly pinnatifid. ; 
upper leaves oblong or oblong-strapshapcd, sessile, scmi-amplex- 
icaul, serrate, all green. Anthodes solitary at the extremity of 
the stem and elongated branches. Pcricline flattisb, of nu- 
merous herbaceous pbyllaries with rather narrow dark reddish- 
brown scarious margins and tips, the outer ones lanceolate, 
the inner oblong - strapshaped. Elorets of the ray elongated, 
white, rarely absent. Achenes cylindrical, with 5 to 10 very 
prominent nearly equal ribs, those of tho ray (generally ?) with a 
short crown, those of the disk naked at the apex. 
vol. v. G 
