COMPOSITE. • 39 
those of the disk perfect, and those of the margin female (hctcro- 
(jamous and discoid), or all the florets tubular and perfect (Jiomo- 
gamous and discoid). Style not thickened below the point where 
it divides into two branches. Pericline usually hemispherical or 
saucer-shaped, l'liyllaries not spinous-pointed in any of the British 
species. Juice not milky. Plant often aromatic. 
TitiBE I.— ANTHEMIDE^E. 
Leaves alternate. Anthodes generally heterogamous and ra- 
diant. Florets of the disk tubular, perfect ; those of the ray 
generally female, more rarely neuter, ligulate or more rarely 
tubular. Anthers without basal appendages. Branches of the 
style in the fertile florets linear, convex externally, flat inter- 
nally, hairy or tufted at the apex. Achenes various ; pappus 
none or membranous and crown-like. 
GXXUS IX.— C HRYSANTHEMUM. Linn. 
Anthodes heterogamous and radiant, rarely discoid, many- 
flowcrcd. Clinanth hemispherical, more rarely nearly flat or 
conical, without palese. Pericline hemispherical or saucer- 
shaped, of numerous phyllaries which are generally imbricated, 
herbaceous with scarious margins. Florets of the disk tubular, 
perfect ; those of the ray generally ligulate and female. Achenes 
cylindrical or prismatic or trigonous, ribbed, crowned by a large 
epiirynous disk, with or without a membranous crown representing 
the pappus. 
Herbs with alternate toothed or finely-divided leaves ; anthodes 
generally rather large, with the florets of the disk yellow, those 
of the ray white, yellow, or rose-colour. 
The name of this genus of plants comes from the words X9 va °£ (chrusos), golden, 
and ardor (ciutlios), flower, descriptive of it?, large yellow blossoms. 
Sub-Genus I.— EU-CIIRYSANTITEMUM. 
Clinanth flattish or slightly convex in fruit. Florets of the 
ray yellow, ligulate, 4- or 5-toothed at the apex. Achenes of two 
forms, those of the female flowers of the ray trigonous or tri- 
quetrous, compressed, sometimes with the lateral angles winged, 
