30 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
much larger, so that the anthocles are frequently radiant. Anthers 
-without basal appendages. Pappus of hairs or paleae not united at 
the base, persistent or separately caducous. Achenes attached to 
the clinanth by the side near the base, but not by it. 
GENUS VIIL— CENTAUREA. Linn. 
Pericline of numerous imbricated scales, generally with a ter- 
minal appendage, which is sometimes scarious and then entire or 
lacerated or pectinated, sometimes horny and spinous. Florets of 
the disk perfect, those of the circumference generally larger and 
radiant, neuter. Filaments free, papillose ; anthers without basal 
appendages. Achenes oblong-ovoid, laterally compressed, smooth, 
and without raised lines, attached by the side above the base ; 
epigynous disk with an entire border. Pappus persistent or cadu- 
cous, sometimes absent, or very short, sometimes of elongated 
denticulated hairs, arranged in several rows, free at the base, the 
internal row of shorter connivent hairs. Clinanth hairy. 
ITerbs of very various habit, with the anthodes usually radiant, 
the exterior florets mostly elongated and trumpet-shaped. Florets 
purple, rose, crimson, or blue, varying to white, or yellow. 
The name of this genus of plants arises from a fable, that with one of the species 
the Centaur Chiron cured the wound in his foot made by the arrow of Hercules. 
Section I. — JACEA. Cass. 
Phyllarics adprcsscd, with terminal appendages often pectinate, 
not spinous, not decurrent upon the phyllary. 
SPECIES I— CENTAUREA JACEA. Linn. 
Plate DCCV. 
Reich. Ic. PL Germ, et Helv. Vol. XV. Tabs. DCCLIV. DCCLV. 
BiUot, VI Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. Nos. 284, 806. 
Stem not winged. Lower leaves oblanccolate, upper ones lance- 
olate or oblong, entire or toothed or sinuate-pinnatilid. Anthodes 
generally radiant, with a few floral leaves in the immediate vicinity. 
Pericline globular ; appendages orbicular, concave, broader than 
the phyllaries themselves, pale, laciniate or the lower ones laci- 
niate-pectinate. Florets purple. Pappus none. 
In meadows and by roadsides. Very rare, and doubtless acci- 
dentally introduced. The only well-authenticated localities are 
