COMPOSITE. 27 
internal row at length caducous, of plumose hairs united into a 
ring at the base. Clinanth hairy, the hairs sometimes united at 
the base into short tubes. 
Rather small herbs, not spiny, the leaves often woolly below, 
and at first webbed above. Pericline ovoid, with rather broad 
herbaceous phyllaries. Flowers purple. 
This genus of plants was named in honour of Saussure, a celebrated Swiss 
naturalist. 
SPECIES I.— SAUS SURE A ALPINA. B.C. 
Plate DCCIII. 
Serratula alpina, Linn. Sm. Eng. Bot. No. 599. 
Stem erect, furrowed, slightly flocculcnt, simple. Radical 
leaves ovate or lanceolate, stalked ; stem-leaves similar, but 
generally narrower, the lower ones indistinctly stalked, the middle 
and upper ones sessile, but not decurrent, the uppermost frequently 
strapshaped ; all sharply dentate or nearly entire, sub-glabrous 
above, grey-floccose beneath. Anthodes very shortly stalked, 4 
to 12, aggregated in a dense terminal corymbose head. Pericline 
cylindrical-ovoid ; outer phyllaries broadly ovate, concave, not 
mucronate, downy; inner ones lanceolate, twice as long as the 
outer, densely pilose in the portion which is not covered by the 
outer ones. 
In moist places and ledges of alpine rocks. Rare. Most 
frequent in the Scotch highlands ; in England it occurs on the 
mountains of North Wales, and the Lake district. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Autumn. 
Rootstock stoloniferous, the stolons short, ending in tufts of 
radical leaves, variable in breadth and the degree of incision on 
the margin. Plowering-stem 3 to 18 inches high, rather stout, 
very leafy, the leaves decreasing in size upwards, the uppermost 
ones often very narrow. Pericline about ^ inch long, with rather 
few phyllaries, the outer ones blunt, concave, purple, slightly 
pilose, in about two rows, inner ones greenish, but quite concealed 
by the long dense greyish hairs which cover them. Elorets a 
little longer than the phyllaries, purple, with the anthers darker. 
Achenes brown, with paler ribs. Pappus dirty-white, double ; hairs 
of the inner one thickened towards the base, very plumose ; the 
outer very deciduous, with secondary hairs visible only under a 
