122 ENGLISH BOTANY. 
laries seldom spinous. Pericline* commonly cylindrical or oblong- 
ovoid. 
Tribe I.— HYOSERIDE.E. 
Pappus crown-like or of scales or awns, sometimes wholly 
absent. 
GENUS XXVIII.—C ICHORIUM. Linn, 
Antbodes few- or many-flowered. Pericline cylindrical ; phyl- 
laries in 2 series, the inner row of 8 or 10 phyllaries at length 
indurated and united at the base, the outer row of 5 short lax 
ones. Clinanth pitted and fibrillous. Achenes irregularly pris- 
matic, attenuated at the base, truncate at the apex. Pappus of 
1 or 2 rows of fimbriated scales. 
Herbs, with runcinate-pinnatifid or entire radical leaves ; and 
branched stems with sessile axillary, and stalked terminal anthodes. 
Plorets pale bright-blue. Achenes persistent. 
The origin of the name of this genus of plants is an Arabic word, chikouryeh 
By the Greeks it was sometimes written Kiywpiov (kichorion) ; whence, among the 
simple fare of Horace, 
" Me pascunt olivae, 
Me cichorea levesque malvse." 
SPECIES I.— CICHORIUM INTYBUS. Linn. 
Plate DCCLXXXVI. 
Reich. Ic. El. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XIX. Tab. MCCCLVII. Fig. 2. 
Stem erect, paniculately branched ; branches virgate, spreading- 
ascending, not spinous. Lowest leaves oblanceolatc, runcinate-pin- 
natifid or dentate ; upper stem-leaves lanceolate, semi-amplexicaul, 
rr]>;md-dcnticulatc or entire, all glandular, ciliated. Anthodes 
many-flowered, sessile and axillary in pairs or threes, and solitary 
at the extremity of the peduncles, which are scarcely thickened 
upwards. Exterior phyllaries broadly lanceolate, shorter than the 
interior, ciliated with gland-tipped hairs. Achenes surmounted by 
a circle of numerous short obtuse scales fimbriated at the summit. 
By roadsides, on borders of fields, banks, and waste places. 
Generally distributed in England, and common in chalky districts; 
1 Tlit! Bhape of the pericline described is that which it has previous to the expan- 
sion of the florets; when that has taken place, it assumes a more or lobs bell-shaped 
form, and in fruit usually becomes somewhat conical. 
