COMPOSITE. 125 
os that " the leaves of Chicory are boiled in potage or broths for sicke and feeble 
persons, that have hot, weak, and feeble stomachs, to strengthen the same." The leaves 
are sold in some of the London markets as a salad ; they are cultivated in the same way 
as celery, and are earthed up so as to blanch the stems ; or the roots are planted in 
sand, in alternate layers, with the tops outwards, in a cellar from which the light 
is nearly excluded. The leaves thus deprived of light become long and white, and 
are nearly destitute of that bitter flavour present when they are grown in the open air. 
They are known by the name of Barhe de Capucin, and find favour in this country, 
though not so commonly as in France and Germany. 
Several agricultural writers have recommended Chicory as a fodder plant. Its 
cultivation on the Continent with this view seems to be very successful. Near Paris 
luge crops are grown, and are much relished by sheep and cattle. The only drawback 
to its cultivation seems to be the difficulty of converting the broad succulent leaves 
into hay. Thirty-eight tons of fodder have been obtained from a single acre of Chicory 
daring the second and third years of its growth, and nearly twenty tons the first year, 
by cutting it two or thi*ee times during the season. Objections to its use have, how- 
ever, been strongly urged, and some farmers say that it gives an unpleasant taste to 
the milk of cows feeding upon it. It will grow in almost any soil, and for use as a 
salad may be easily cultivated in the kitchen-garden. The leaves have been used in 
dyeing, and a patent was taken out some years ago for preparing them in the manner 
of woad ; but it does not appear to have been successful. 
GENUS XXIX.— 1L A P S A N A. Linn. 
Anthodes several-flowered. Pericliue cylindrical-ovoid ; phyl- 
laries in 2 series, the inner row of 8 or 10 equal phyllaries, the 
outer row of several very minute adpressed ones. Clinanth naked. 
Aehenes fusiform - cylindric, 20-ribbed, attenuated at the base, 
suddenly contracted at the apex, without any pappus or elevated 
margin. 
Herbs, with lyrate - pinnatifid lower leaves ; and branched 
stems with small stalked anthodes. Florets pale-yellow. Aehenes 
caducous. 
The name of this genus of plants comes from the Greek word Xairno (lapto), I suck, 
in allusion, we suppose, to the reputed use of one of the species in curing sore nipples. 
SPECIES I.— LAP SANA COMMUNIS. Linn. 
Plate DCCLXXXVII. 
BiOct, FL Gall, et Germ. Exsicc. No. 1G93. 
Ic. Fl. Germ, et Helv. Vol. XIX. Tab. MCCCLIII. Figs. 2, 3, 4. 
Lampsana communis, D. C. Prod. Vol. VII. p. 7G, et Auct. 1'lur. 
Stern paniculatcly branched. Lower leaves lyrate-pinnatipar- 
tite, with a very large terminal lobe, which is often cordate or 
sub-cordate at the base, and a few small lateral lobes or some- 
times merely an entire herbaceous ship along each side of the 
