COMPOSITE. 203 
Stem very leafy, umbellato - eorymbosely or sub - paniculatcly 
branched at the apex, sparingly clothed with stellate down, 
especially in the upper part, and sometimes with woolly simple hairs 
below; peduncles rather densely clothed with stellate down, but 
without simple or gland-tipped hairs. Leaves very numerous, 
crowded in the lower part of the stem, strapshaped-elliptical or 
elliptical or strapshaped; the lower ones gradually narrowed at 
the base but scarcely petiolate, the rest sessile, abruptly narrowed 
at the base, not at all amplexicaul, acute; all sub-entire or remotely 
denticulate or dentate-serrate in the middle, green on both sides, 
glabrous or puberulent above, clothed beneath with stellate hairs, 
frequently intermingled with a few simple woolly hairs, espe- 
cially on the veins, shortly ciliated at the margins. Anthodes 
rather large, in an umbellate corymb or short panicle terminated 
by such a corymb, with slender erect pedicels bearing minute 
bracts which pass gradually into the outer phyllaries. Pericline 
subtrimcato at the base ; phyllaries numerous, broad, sub-obtuse, 
all except the innermost (which are broader and more obtuse), 
with the points recurved, olive, nearly glabrous, with a little 
stellate down towards the base, and sometimes along the middle 
line, but no woolly hairs or gland-tipped hairs. Lignles gla- 
brous, not ciliated at the apex. Styles yellow. Achenes chestnut- 
black. 
In heathy places and open woods, and thickets and hedge- 
banks, and rocky places, in mountainous districts. Frequent in 
England, rare in Scotland, where I have never collected it; but 
Mr. II. C. Watson, in the supplement to the " Cybele Britannica," 
gives it as an inhabitant of many of the south and west districts of 
Scotland. 
England, Scotland, Ireland. Perennial. Autumn. 
Stem 1 to 4 feet high, wiry, with numerous usually narrow leaves, 
varying considerably in breadth, but generally narrower than those 
of any other British species, rather rigid, usually sub-glabrous, 
sparingly sprinkled with stellate hairs, commonly with a few 
small teeth towards the middle, especially in the intermediate 
leaves; the lowest ones decayed by the time the flowers expand; 
the uppermost ones rather distant, broader in proportion, shorter, 
and more approaching to lanceolate in form. Ant 'nodes in an 
umbellate corymb at the apex of the stem, in luxuriant examples 
with numerous branches terminated by one or more anthodes 
below the terminal corymb, so as to form a panicle. Pericline 
remarkable for the squarrose tips of the nearly glabrous phyllaries ; 
