184 The Philippine Journal of Science 1917 
slopes is apparently, not deeply covered with ash. Near the 
former villages in this northern region a number of clumps of 
bamboo of two different species and bananas of three varieties 
have regenerated from the old root stocks. Both of the bamboos, 
Bamhusa blumeana and B. vulgaris, are introduced species that 
in the Philippines are not known to spread except through the 
agency of man. The last statement also applies to two of the 
varieties of banana. The influence of the bamboos and bananas 
on the invading vegetation, therefore, should be very slight. 
The number of clumps of bamboos and bananas, that survived 
indicate, however, that the root systems of a number of trees 
might likewise have remained alive and that some of the trees 
at present on the island may have sprung from these. This is 
particularly true, since it is characteristic of many parang spe- 
cies to spring up from the ground after the aerial parts of the 
plants have been killed. A few individuals of the following 
species of trees appear to have survived the eruption : 
Trema orientalis. Eugenia jambolana. 
Moringa oleifera. Ceiba pentandra. 
Pithecolobium dulce. Cratoxylon blancoi. 
Semecarpus cuneiformis. Sterculia foetida. 
Ficus indica. Annona reticulata. 
It is almost certain that other species survived ; although this 
cannot be demonstrated, as after a few years root sprouts are 
not easily distinguished from plants produced by seeds. It is 
only when an exceptionally large stem, broken off above ground, 
has regenerated or where, as in the case of the bamboos and 
bananas, no seeds are produced, that we can be sure a plant has 
survived the eruption. In the vicinity of the village on the 
southern coast of the island no bamboos or bananas and prob- 
ably no trees have regenerated. In conclusion we may say 
that, with the possible exception of the extreme tip of the penin- 
sula at the southwestern corner, the destruction of the vegeta- 
tion was probably complete on the southern and central parts 
of the island. Near the northern coast many root systems and 
probably some seeds escaped. 
REVEGETATION OF CLEARED AREAS 
Before describing the revegetation of the island, it may be of 
interest to discuss briefly the vegetation that invades areas from 
which forests have been removed and the land not cultivated. 
In northern Negros large areas of virgin dipterocarp forests 
on the banks of Himugaan River have been logged by a lumber 
