The Vegetation of Western Australia. 
xlvii. 
ferns Pleurosorus rutifolius and Cheilanthes tenuifolia. Plagianthus Hehnsii 
is perhaps more characteristic of the Eremaea, but characteristic of the granite 
rock anywhere through the South-West Province and most of the southern 
Eremea are the pin-grass {Borya nitida) and certain species of Drosera and 
Orchidaceae. Certain south-western elements are, through the additional 
moisture of the granite soils enabled to obtain a foothold far beyond their 
usual climatic range, and thus we find Nuytsia floribunda’ growing as far inland 
as Yorkrakine, while Hakea prostrata and Hypocalymma angustifolia may be 
seen as far inland as Southern Cross. It is during the winter, however, when 
the shallow moist soil underlaid by the impervious granite rock receives its 
abundance of moisture that the granite rock flora is richest in species ; then 
the ground is carpeted with a wealth of bulbous Liliaceae, Orchidaceae, Drosera^ 
Stylidium, and Polypompholyx^ together with certain ephemeral Compositao 
and Centrolepidaceae. There are, in addition, a number of species quite 
restricted to the granitic formations, such as species of Ricinocarpus, of Acacia 
(e.g., A. restiaceay A. lasiocalyx)^ Eucalyptus, Melaleuca, and other Myrtaccae, 
as well as species of Hydrocotyle, Anthocercis, Lobelia, and many others. 
(e) SWAMP FORMATIONS. 
Extensive alluvial formations occur at intervals on the coastal plain be- 
tween the Hill River and Israelite Bay. In their most typical form they 
occur on sandy country between the edge of the plateau and the coast, and 
retain their surface moisture throughout the winter and frequently until the 
end of the year or, on the other hand, they are perpetually moist, especially 
in the southern areas of their distribution. While it is quite impossible here to 
go into details, it may be said in general that these areas are rich in annual herbs 
in contrast to the surrounding country, and that Myrtaceae and certain Pro- 
teaceae make up most of the shrubby and arborescent species. The number 
of endemics is not high when compared with other formations such as the heath. 
Prominent amongst the trees are the species of Banksia, especially B. littoralis, 
B. occidentalis, and B. sphaerocarpa. The Myrtaceous genera include several 
species of Melaleuca, especially M. parviflora and M. raphiophylla, a number 
of species of Agonis, one' of which (A, juniperina) attains to a height of 15 
metres ; Leptospermum, Beaufortia, Astnrtea, Viminaria, Boronia, Dasypogon, 
Baxteria, Cephalotus, Oxylobium, Conospermuni, and generally the greater 
number of the Restionaceae and Cyperaceae. Tlie herbaceous plants com- 
prise a number of annuals and bulbous or tuberous-rooted plants such as 
Tribonanthes, certain Orchidaceae, Polypompholyx and Utricularia, Stylidium; 
Levenhookia, Triglochin, Drosera, Villarsia, certain Compositae, especially 
the Angianthinae, Epacridaceae, and Proteaceae (especially Franklandia, 
Conospermuni, and Adenanthos), and certain Goodeniaceae, especially Dia- 
spasis and Anthotium, 
Mention was previously made to the distribution of the phyllodineous 
Acacias, and the fact that two species inhabited tlie swampy areas. It is 
also noteworthy that certain genera which are well tlevelojjed in the dry 
areas, even in the far away Eremea, are represented in the alluvial and swamp 
formations. I would specially mention Bossiaea, Lachnostachys, Anthotium, 
Dampiera, Hakea, and Melaleuca. Bossiaea and Lachnostachys are as well 
represented in the dry interior a.s in the swamps, or even more so, while Dam- 
piera and Anthotium, both of which are typical of most swampy areas, are well 
represented in the dry lateritic soils of the Eremea. 
