l94 
Joan M. Crockford, M.Sc. 
2 ■ 5 to 5-5 mm. in these specimens, and the angle at which the lateral branches 
are given off is from 50° to 77° — in specimens from the Nooncanbah Series 
this angle is up to 90°. The main stems are usually slightly broader and 
thicker than the lateral branches, their width being from 1 • 1 to 1-5 mm., and 
their thickness about 1 • 5 mm. ; the width of the secondary branches is from 
0*8 to 1*4 mm., and the tertiary branches are slightly narrower. 
The branches are bifoliate, with a mesial lamina whicli runs from the 
centre of the reverse to the centre of the poriferous surface, and forms a slight 
ridge along the centre of each surface, so that both are carinate ; the porifer- 
ous surface, however, is sharply convex, with the sides sloping steeply out- 
wards, while the reverse surface is rather rounded. On each side of the carina 
on the poriferous surface there are three or four, less oft cm five, rows of zooecial 
apertures ; the arrangement of the apertures, however, is not always regular. 
The apertures are raised above the surface by the development of high peri- 
stomes, particularly on the lower side of the aperture ; from sections it appears 
that no lunaria are developed ; the peristomes are very (juickly removed by 
weathering. When the apertures are arranged in definite rows the amount of 
alternation between the apertures of adjacent rows is very variable, and often 
very slight. The apertures are circular, or pyriform where they are weathered, 
and are from 0- 14 to 0- 18 mm. in diameter ; they are rather irregularly spaced 
on all the branches, and tlie distance between tlio ctmtres of successive apcudures 
in the same row is from 0-38 to 0*76 mm. (average 0-50 mm.), and about 
eighteen apertures occur in 10mm. No acanthopores are developed; the 
surface between the apertures is solid. The reverse (non-poriferous) surface 
is finely granular. 
Internally the zooecia are sub-tubular, and the length of individual zooecia 
is about 1 mm. Diaphragms appear to have been very rarely developed near 
the proximal ends of the zooecia. The median tubules of the mesial lamina are 
well-showm, and vesicular tissue is well-developed, particularly near the reverse 
surface, and at the origin of subsidiary branches. 
Remarks : In the original description of the species the genotype ” 
is given as “ specimen 12,'’ but there are seven specimens labelled 12 ” in the 
collection ; these belong to three species, but one specimen, belonging to 
the species to whicli the original description most closely applies, is labelled 
Genotype,” and is hero chosen as the lectotype of the spe'cies. 
Of described species of Ramvpora, the genotyjie, R. hochstetteri Toula, and 
a specimen recorded by Reed (1925, p. 107, pL X., figs. 9, 9a), as R. cf. hoch- 
stetteri from India, most closely resemble this species ; they differ, however, 
in tlieir broader branches and larger measurements. Ramipora uralica Stucken- 
berg, from the Upper C’arboniferous of the Urals, appears to have had lateral 
branches placed about the same distance apart, but the branches are much 
broader. 
The type specimen of Acanthocladia acuticostaia Bassler, from the Basleo 
beds of Timor, appears to be a specimen of this species. 
A specimen described as Ramipora sp. by Etheridge (1907, p, 14) from 
the Port Keats Bore appears to have differed from this species in the form 
of the zoarium and in the much closer spacing of its lateral branches. 
