xiii, c. 5 Merrill: Noteworthy Philippine Plants 317 
4 cm long, the subtending bracts lanceolate, acuminate, less than 
1 cm long; pedicels slender, about 1 cm long, the bracteoles 
lanceolate, acuminate, 2 to 3 mm long. Calyx jointed with the 
pedicels, about 3 mm long, the teeth 5 or 6, short, acute. Petals 
5 or 6, narrowly ovate, obtuse or acute, 1-nerved, attached by 
a broad base, the margins overlapping, about 3 mm long, the 
base about 1.5 mm wide. Stamens 5 or 6; filaments 4 mm long; 
anthers indexed in bud, about 1 mm long. Ovary 5- or 6-celled ; 
styles 5 or 6, erect, free or very slightly connate at the base, 
0.5 to 0.7 mm long. Fruit ellipsoid or ovoid, 5- or 6-ridged, 
5- or 6-celled, about 5 mm long, crowned by the radiately 
spreading styles. 
Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 752 (type) , Sep- 
tember-October, 1906, and again, without number, a year later: Davao 
District, Todaya, Mount Apo, Elmer 11605, September, 1909, known to the 
Bagobos as simbar. Catanduanes, Bur. Sci. 30211 Ramos, November, 1917. 
Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, Bur . Sci. 23833 Ramos, October, 
1915. 
Preliminary work was done on this peculiar species in 1906, and again 
in 1908, but on account of the rather fragmentary material then available 
it was impossible to determine the exact nature of the entire leaves and the 
inflorescences. Mr. Elmer later collected the same form on Mount Apo, 
and kindly submitted his copious material and notes for my examination, 
which have enabled me to complete my description regarding some details 
of the plant. Mr. Elmer’s field note is as follows: 
“Sprawling amongst thickets of dense growth in fertile moist soil of an 
open slope at 8250 feet. Stem terete, 1 inch thick, covered with thin 
brownish bark and provided with sharp spines, very sparingly branched, 
the upper leaf-bearing portion green but quite as thick as the parts below. 
Leaves alternate, one foot apart more or less, horizontally spreading or 
descending, all the stalks greenish-brown, provided with recurved hooks, 
especially along the lower side. Petiole a foot long or longer. Sheath 3 
inches long, fully one-half inch deep, adnate to the upper portion of the 
peduncle and clasping the stem, smooth, turning brownish. Leaves proper 
3 to 5 feet long, triangular in outline. Leaflets horizontally recurved, sub- 
membranaceous, the upper surface somewhat shining. Inflorescence 
spreading similar to the leaves but much shorter and terminating the stem; 
simbar.” 
The genus is well characterized by its habit, its very large decompound 
leaves, its ample terminal inflorescence, and its 5- or 6-merous flowers, 
the petals being imbricate, not valvate. It seems to me to be most 
closely allied to Aralia, although in habit, and more especially in its recurved 
spines, it recalls Acanthopanax ; in Acanthopanax, however, the petals are 
valvate. 
I strongly suspect that this form is identical with the Celebes material 
referred by Koorders 4 to Aralia ferox Miq. I saw Koorders’s specimens in 
the Buitenzorg Herbarium in January, 1914, but had no opportunity of 
4 Meded. Lands Plantent. 19 (1899) 488; Syst. Verzeich. 2 6 (1914) 99. 
