puparium frequently lightly attached to leaf near 
end of mine; puparium brownish, oval (fig. 587), 
posterior spiracles (fig. 588) with 4 bulbs, 1 long, 
hooklike, other 3 wrapped around it. 
Distribution. Widespread, probably present in most 
States; new records: North Carolina, Tennessee, 
Virginia; Canada, Europe. 
References. Frick, 1957b: 202; 1959: 380; Spencer, 
1969a: 113, as Dizygomyza ; part 2, p. 279. 
Outer crossvein own length from inner 
Q' (g # ) subangulata (Mai loch ) 
Synopsis. Agreeing in all essential external 
characters with C^. angulata ; male genitalia with 
aedeagus (figs. 589, 590, 592) having distal tubules 
forming long low curve, scarcely enlarged at end, 
largely fused; sperm pump pale, fanlike; bristles on 
hindcorner of epandrium at end of inwardly curving 
process (fig. 591). 
Host/Early Stages. Unknown, almost certainly Carex. 
Distribution. Illinois, Maryland (new record). 
References. Malloch, 1916: 51; Frick, 1959: 382 (as 
Phytobia subg. Poemyza ) ; Spencer, 1969a: 297 (as 
Dizygomyza ) ; part 2, p. 282. 
Cerodontha , Subgenus Dizygomyza Hendel 
Dizygomyza Hendel, 1920: 130. Type of 
genus: Agromyza morosa Meigen, 1838 
(Europe) . 
Dizygomyza ( Dizygomyza ) Hendel, 1931: 
83. 
Phytobia ( Dizygomyza ) Frick, 1952a: 
396; 1959: 383. 
Cerodontha ( Dizygomyza ) Nowakowski, 
1962: 102. 
Three main characters distin- 
guish this subgenus: Lunule large, 
broad, semicircular (fig. 540, C ) ; 3d 
antennal segment enlarged in male (fig. 
600); and antennal bases widely 
separated. Dizygomyza is essentially 
as defined by Hendel (1931: 83). 
Hendel' s original concept (1920) 
represented an assemblage of unrelated 
species that were later included in 
seven subgenera, and this artificial 
grouping was treated as the genus 
Phytobia by Frick (1952a, 1959). 
Differences between species are 
frequently slight, even in the male 
genitalia, but in Europe, Nowakowski 
(1973) segregated 40 distinct species. 
with the host plants and biology 
discussed in detail. 
Of the 16 species now known in the 
United States, only 2 have been 
reared, both from Iris . Three others, 
with a holarctic distribution, are 
known to feed on Carex in Europe. All 
known species are leaf miners in the 
families Cyperaceae, Iridaceae, 
Juncaceae, and Poaceae. Pupation 
takes place in the mine. Characters 
of the larva (and puparium), particu- 
larly the posterior spiracles, are of 
considerable diagnostic importance. 
Dizygomyza is primarily of nearctic 
and palaearctic distribution. Only 
two species are known from the 
Neotropical Region (Spencer, 1963a: 
334), and the subgenus has not reached 
Australia. Three new species are 
described here, and one, (3. (D. ) 
fasciata , is recorded as new to the 
United States. Two European species, 
misidentif ied by Frick (1959) — C. 
iraeos (R.-D.) and C . iridis Hendel — 
must be deleted from the United States 
list . 
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