genera being attacked, cultivated genera include 
Brassica , Che iran thus , Nasturtium , Raphanus , and 
Rorippa ; a favorite host is Tropaeolum 
(Tropaeolaceae) , and Capparis , Cleome , and 
Gynandropsis (Capparidaceae) also commonly serve 
as hosts. Larvae have been found on Pi sum in 
several countries in the Old World tropics; leaf 
mine linear, upper or lower surface (fig. 776); 
puparium pale yellowish orange. 
Distribution. Widespread, probably present in most 
States; new record: Wisconsin (S. Tavormina); 
Canada; semicosmopolitan. 
References. Stegmaier, 1967c: 257; Spencer, 1973a: 
153 (economic importance); 1981: 222. 
Male genitalia with aedeagus as in figures 777, 
778; sperm pump with blade narrow (fig. 779) 
L. sativae Blanchard 
Synopsis. Closely resembling L. brassicae , with 
following essential characters: Head (fig. 780) 
with frons bright yellow, about 1.5 times width of 
eye; gena almost 0.33 height of eye; 3d antennal 
segment small, round, yellow; orbit normally faint- 
ly darkened, at least to lower ors; darkening of 
hindmargin of eye variable, normally dark to base 
of vti, this may be on brown ground rather than 
black; mesonotum shining black, acr in 4 rows; 
mesopleuron predominantly yellow, variably dark, 
blackish gray on lower half, sometimes with exten- 
sion up front margin and hindmargin, in holotype 
of L. munda as in figure 781, A (from Frick, 
1957a), in holotype of L. propepusilla as in fig- 
ure 781, 1$; legs with coxae and femora bright yel- 
low; wing (fig. 782) length 1.25-1.7 mm, discal 
cell very small, last section of M 3+4 3-4 times 
length of penultimate; male genitalia with aedea- 
gus (figs. 777, 778), distiphallus with character- 
istic indentation at sides; sperm pump with short 
narrow stalk, blade somewhat asymmetrical, not 
greatly widening (fig. 779) (contrast L. brassicae, 
fig. 774). 
Host/Early Stages. A highly polyphagous species, 
found most frequently on genera of the 3 families, 
Cucurbitaceae , Fabaceae, and Solanaceae, but also 
commonly on Asteraceae, Brassicaceae , Euphorbiac- 
eae, and Malvaceae. The main plants attacked are 
Asteraceae: As ter , Baccharis , Galinsoga ; Brassi- 
caceae: Brassica , Raphanus sativus ; Cucurbitaceae: 
Cucurbita pepo , possibly Marah ; Euphorbiaceae: 
Ricinus communis ; Malvaceae: Gossypium (cotton); 
Fabaceae: Indigofera , Medicago sativa , Phaseolus 
lunatus ; Solanaceae: Capsicum annuum (pepper), 
Datura , Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato). A com- 
plete list of confirmed hosts in Florida is given 
by Stegmaier (1966b). Leaf mine short, irregular, 
linear (fig. 783); posterior spiracles of puparium 
(fig. 784) each with 3 bulbs. 
128 
