Key to Para- 1. Outer crossvein present 2 
phytomyza Species — Outer crossvein lacking 8 
2 (1). Mesonotum shining black P. nitida (Mai loch) 
Synopsis. Largely black, frons and gena paler, 
brownish yellow; 3d antennal segment small, arista 
conspicuously short; mouth parts elongate (see 
Frick, 1959: fig. 131); only 2 dc ; humerus yellow- 
ish; legs black but at least foreknee distinctly 
yellow; wing length up to 2.6 mm in female; male 
genitalia with aedeagus as in figure 1032. 
Host/Early Stages. Unknown. 
Distribution. Illinois, Iowa, Maryland, North 
Carolina, Virginia; Canada. 
References. Frick, 1959: 417; Spencer, 1969a: 207. 
— Mesonotum matt grayish black 3 
3 (2). Scutellum yellow P. praecox Spencer 
Synopsis. Frons broad, conspicuously projecting 
above eye in profile (fig. 1033); gena angular, 
deeply extended at rear, 0.5 height of eye; frons, 
gena, and face orange yellow; 3d antennal segment 
largely black, 1st and 2d yellowish; palpus black; 
3+2 dc, 4th little weaker than 3d, 5th substantial- 
ly smaller; mesonotum uniformly matt gray, scutellum 
largely yellow; humerus and notopleuron grayish 
yellow; mesopleuron and sternopleuron gray, only 
narrowly yellow on upper margin; legs black, with 
all knees bright yellow; squama yellow, margin and 
fringe dark; wing length in female 3.1 mm, 2d costal 
section long, 4 times length of 4th, outer crossvein 
very close to inner, discal cell thus small and last 
section of M 3+4 4.5 times length of penultimate 
(fig. 1034); male genitalia unknown. 
Host/Early Stages. Unknown, possibly Galium. 
Distribution. California. 
Reference. Spencer, 1981: 346. 
— Scutellum gray or black 4 
4 (3). Humerus and notopleuron yellowish 5 
Humerus and notopleuron dark, brownish black 
P . cornigera Griffiths 
Synopsis. Dark species, frons dark brown above, 
more black below; side of thorax black, notopleuron 
at most faintly paler; wing length up to 2.7 mm, 
discal cell small, last section of M 3+4 3.5-4 times 
length of penultimate; male genitalia with aedeagus 
as in figures 1035, 1036. 
Host/Early Stages. Lonicera spp., Symphor icarpos 
spp. Larva forming conspicuously white linear mine, 
normally following margin of leaf, sometimes 
considerably widening toward end (fig. 1037), with 
frass in discrete black lumps; puparium brown, 
posterior spiracles each on prominent projections, 
with ellipse of about 10 bulbs, enclosing short, 
black horn (fig. 1038). 
Distribution. California; new record: Kansas, 
Douglas Co., Lawrence, Natural History Reserve, 3 
m. , 28. IV. 56 (J. G. Chillcott, CNC) . 
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