tion, 2-armed, each arm with irregular 
ellipse of 6-10 minute bulbs. 
Holotype m. , Minnesota, Minneapolis, 
Minnehaha Creek, emerged 20. VI I. 80, ex 
leaf mine coll. 29. VI. 80; paratypes 2 
f., topotypical, emerged 22. VII. 80; 
(all KAS). Holotype in USNM, paratypes 
in KAS. 
Remarks. The male genitalia indicate 
that ranunculoides is the sister 
species of J?. loewii (described as P. 
clematidis Loew), a leaf miner on 
Clematis . Externally the two species 
differ in the longer costal ratio, 
paler tarsi, and less shining orbit in 
the Ranunculus feeder. The aedeagus 
of each species is of the same distinc- 
tive form, with the distiphallus 
partially recurved and the conspicuous 
forwardly directed sclerite at its 
base. 
Two black species are known as leaf 
miners on Ranunculus in Europe, P. 
ranunculicola Hering, 1949, and P. 
ranunculivora Hering, 1932. The 
latter forms a blotch mine and, with a 
different type of aedeagus (see 
Spencer, 1976a: figs. 849, 850), is 
not closely related to £. ranuncu - 
loides . I?, ranunculicola forms a 
linear mine, which is generally 
similar to that of I>. ranunculoides , 
but it lacks the initial spiral. The 
aedeagus (see Spencer, 1976a: fig. 852) 
has the distiphallus recurved, and 
this apomorphous character probably 
indicates a relationship with the 
nearctic species. One black species, 
J?- rec ta e Hendel, is common in the 
Mediterranean area on Clematis recta , 
and other black species in Europe are 
known on Anemone and Pulsatilla . They 
are all more closely related to P. 
ranunculivora than to the two nearctic 
species. 
Phytomyza saskatoonensis Spencer (new 
to U.S.A.) 
(Figs. 1323, 1324) 
Phytomyza saskatoonensis Spencer, 
1969a: 272. Holotype male from 
Saskatoon in CNC. 
Phytomyza cudu Steyskal, 1972b: 4. NEW 
SYNONYM. Holotype male from Michigan 
in USNM. 
This large black species is distinctive 
in having a single strong ors, three 
strong inclined ori, the third antennal 
segment elongate, and the mesonotum 
deep black, though with some grayish 
dusting. 
The holotype of I?, cudu has been 
examined and clearly represents P. 
saskatoonensis , with which it is~now 
formally synonymized. Steyskal con- 
sidered it could not represent this 
species owing to the smaller size, the 
wing length being given as 2.25 mm, 
whereas it is in fact 2.5 mm, and the 
second costal section is stated to be 
three times the length of the fourth, 
although it is shown as 2.3 times in 
Steyskal' s figure 5, a. In other dis- 
tinctive characters, including the 
aedeagus and very large sperm pump, it 
agrees with P^. saskatoonensis . 
Frick (1959: 433) identified P. 
nigripennis Falldn, a European 
species, with specimens from Wisconsin 
and Ontario. They certainly also 
represent P. saskatoonensis . P. 
nigripennis appears to be a closely 
related species but with distinctive 
differences in male genitalia 
(Spencer, 1976a: figs. 796, 797). P. 
nigripennis has on a number of 
occasions been caught on Anemone sp., 
and probably this is the host, the 
larvae feeding internally in the stem 
or root. It is virtually certain that 
the host of J>. saskatoonensis is in 
the Ranunculaceae . 
Phytomyza subalpina Sehgal (new to 
U.S.A. ) 
(Figs. 1158, 1159) 
Phytomyza subalpina Sehgal. 1971: 
379. Holotype male from Alberta in 
CNC. 
This species has been known only from 
the unique holotype from Coleman in 
the Canadian Rockies. Ten specimens 
are now recorded here from several 
321 
