112 On the Organization of the Cypriotes. 
efferent duct passing towards the antennas commences near 
the terminal saccule and is exceedingly difficult to trace. 
The maxillary gland is situated ventrally to the shell- 
muscle and appears to consist principally of the terminal 
saccule divided into several diverticula, from which the 
efferent duct runs into the shaft of the maxilliped (second 
maxilla). Besides these excretory organs, characteristic of 
the Crustacea and representing the nephridia of the Annelida, 
there are two glands in the labrum, and further some very 
large gland-like cells in the basal joints of the limbs, and also 
under the back, and particularly numerous within the cara- 
pace attached to the hypodermis of the inner lamella. 
6. Sexual apparatus . — Like the copulatory apparatus of the 
males of Cypridina and Halocypris the complicated penis of 
the Cytlierides and Cyprides represents a transformed (8) 
pair of limbs. But the external sexual parts of the female 
(still erroneously characterized as the vagina ), which are 
arched like a capsule, perforated by the sexual aperture, and 
sometimes furnished with leg-like appendages, are also prob- 
ably to be interpreted as the basal joints of a pair of limbs, 
while the two abdominal appendages, which still constantly 
figure as u Rami abdominales (caudal rami) or as caudal 
spines, as also the so-called u postabdomen ” of the Cypridinae 
and Halocyprides, represent the two fur cal joints of the Ento- 
mostracan body. 
The long, fissure-like, sexual aperture, which is surrounded 
by a chitinous band, receives the oviduct in its posterior sec- 
tion, which is susceptible of dilatation by the action of powerful 
muscles ; and the oviduct runs with many convolutions by the 
sides of the intestine, and by means of its glandular epithelium 
secretes the shell-membranes of the contained ova in the same 
way as the ovarian tube of the Insecta. The genital cleft in 
its anterior angle, where it is dilated, surrounds the aperture 
for the reception of the seminal filaments, which are of pecu- 
liar form and enclosed by a chitinous loop. A complicated 
apparatus follows on this copulatory aperture (which is dila- 
table by a special group of muscles), and consists in the first 
place of a saccule formed by a chitinous wall, then of a much 
convoluted glandular tube and a chitinous tube originating 
from the saccule, leading into the duct of the receptaculum, 
which is spirally twisted like a watch-spring. 
