184 Notes from the St. A ndrews Marine Laboratory. 
vent proceeded to the base of the tail. In addition to the 
foregoing a band of small though distinct black pigment-spots 
commenced on the lateral region behind the pectoral on 
each side and extended to the anal region. Moreover a single 
spot occurred on each side beneath the pectoral, and thus below 
the line just mentioned. A touch of the same pigment 
existed in front of the shoulder-girdle. During life all these 
pigment-specks were in a state of contraction ; but as death 
approached they gradually assumed a stellate form, and thus 
the spirit-preparation shows the coloration much more dis- 
tinctly than the living animal. 
The pectoral fins are proportionally large. All the dorsal 
interspinous bones, as also the articulation of the fin-rays, 
are evident, whereas only the first three or four of the anal 
are seen, the first indeed alone presenting an articulation with 
the fin-ray. Thirty-seven haemal spines occurred in front of 
the anus. A few minute black pigment-specks were visible 
(under the microscope) along the spinal cord. The notochord 
remained simple from the anterior edge of the lower hypural 
to the termination, only a minute ventral knob occurring 
between the first and second hypural. Eight caudal rays 
abutted on the inferior or large hypural, three on the next 
above, then one more or less intermediate, three to the upper 
hypural, above which lay the tip of the notochord, while four 
rested on the epiurals. The total number was thus nineteen. 
Day gives fifteen as the number of the rays. The dorsal 
fin-rays were 79 or 80; Day gives 75 to 82. The anal fin 
had 44 rays ; Day mentions 39 to 45. Only 11 pectoral rays 
were distinguishable; Day states the number to be 11 or 12. 
As the fish was quite translucent these numbers are of 
interest. Both dorsally and ventrally a portion of the larval 
fin existed in front of the caudal. The gall-bladder forms a 
distinct pale area at the posterior border of the liver. The 
urinary bladder is large and its opening conspicuous. 
In the paper formerly referred to it was mentioned that 
young gunnels resembling the adults had been procured in 
July. They were captured off the Isle of May in the mid- 
water-net at 30 fathoms, but probably the net touched the 
bottom. They are only a few millim. longer than the fore- 
going translucent form, but they are thicker and more massive 
throughout, and the region from the base of the pectoral to 
the tip of the snout is longer. Moreover they have well-formed 
ventral fins. The pigment along the sides forms a series of 
reticulations with the long diameter of the ovoid pale spaces 
vertical. Eleven black bars are continued from the body to 
the dorsal tin without trace of the eye-like areas of the adult. 
