AVES* 
69 
saying that it is in his opinion quite possible that Archduopferyx 
may have had teeth in its jaws, though this would not render it 
the less a bird. In the tarsal region Compsognathus comes 
nearest to it ; in the pelvic, Megalosaurus and Iguanodon ; and 
Prof. Huxley is disposed to think that in many respects Archmo- 
pteryx was more remote from the boundary-line between Birds 
and Reptiles than some of the \Wmg Ratitae are. 
Klein, — von. Vergleichende Beschreibung des Schadels der 
Wirbelthiere. Vcrsuch einer auf anatomische Grunde sich 
stiitzenden, gleichartig durchgefuhrten Bcnennung dcr 
Schadelknochcn. WUrttemb. iiaturwissensch. Jahreshefte, 
1868, pp. 71-171. 
The class Aves comes in for a fair share of treatment in this 
paper. 
Lee, R. J, Observations on the Ciliary Muscle in Fish, Birds, 
and Quadrupeds. Journ. Anat. & Physiol. Nov. 1868, 
14-23. 
Contains descriptions with illustrations of this part in GalluSf 
SiriXj Falco, and Phasianus, 
Macalister, Alexander. On the Anatomy of the Ostrich 
(Sh'utkio camelus). Proc. Roy. Irish Acad. ix. pp. 1-24. 
Gives the anatomy of the whole animal of both sexes. Dr. 
Haughton having before treated of a portion (Zool. Rec. ii. 
pp. 85, 138) in considerable detail. 
Magnus, Hugo. Physiologisch-anatomische Untersuchungen 
iiber das Brustbein der Vogel. Arch, fiir Anat. Physiol, 
und wissensch. Med. 1868, pp. 682-710, Taf. xvi., xvii. 
After a brief reference to the authors who have previously 
written on the subject (De Blainville, LHIerminier, Geoffroy 
St.-Hilaire, Gervais, and Blanchard), and remarking on the im- 
portance of tlie sternum as a taxonomic character, the author 
states that five principal forms of this bone are found, — the 
First in the Cursores [■= Struihiones] y it has no keel, and 
is of a rounded shield-shape, though he remarks on the absence 
of a keel in the very young of those birds which subsequently 
have it well developed ; the Second form exists in the diurnal 
Accipitres, the Cypselid<Sy and CaprimulgidtSy where it is very 
concave, long and broad, with a remarkably pronounced keel, 
though the angle this forms with the body of the sternum is ob- 
tuse } the Third, as in the Oscines, witli Upupay Alcedoy and so 
forth, the Gallinoi and most of the ScansoreSy has it less concave, 
the keel well developed and a notch (or occasionally two notches) 
on either side ; the Fourth form, possessed by the Swimming- 
birds, Mergus, Sulay PodicepSy and others, is less concave, the 
point of the keel projects forward, and the notches sometimes 
become fenestrations ; the Fifth group includes the Grallatoresy 
