60 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
where the sternum is long and narrow, more concave, and never 
Avithout notches, and the keel much pronounced. The remain- 
der of the paper is occupied by a notice of various modifications 
which different groups exhibit. \Cf, Journ. Anat. & Physiol. 
May 1869, p. 458.] 
Milne-Edavards, a. Recherchcs Anatomiques et Paleontolo- 
giques pour servir k khistoire des Oiseaux Eossiles de la 
Franee. [See General Subject.^^] 
Murie, J. Observations concerning the presence and function 
of the Gular Pouch in Of, is kori and Otis australis. Proc. 
^ ^ Zool. Soc. 1868, pp. 471-477, pi. xxxvi. 
A male O. kori possessed a pouch, of which a Avoodcut is given, 
in position and structure identical with that of 0. tarda (Zool. 
llec. ii. pp. 83, 84, and 133, iii. p. 110), but very much smaller. 
The same organ is possessed by a male 0. australis living in the 
Zoological Gardens, and developed to an extraordinary degree, 
as the plate* shows. Its manner of inflating this structure, and 
other habits, are described. A second male example, living with 
it, does not exhibit any indications of this peculiarity f ; nor did 
examples of 0. tetrax or O. houbara. Some excellent remarks 
on this mysterious subject are added. 
Newton, Alfred. [See General Subject.^^] 
Parker, W. K. A Monograph on the Structure apd Develop- 
ment of the Shoulder-girdle and Sternum in the Vertebrata. 
London : 1868. Fol. pp. 237, pis. xxx. (Ray Society.) 
Though we can scarcely say that the subject-matter of this 
admirable Avork is treated zoologically, its great merit forbids us 
to exclude it from notice. The ornithological portion (pp. 142- 
194) occupies a fair share of the work. The systematist must 
naturally regret that Mr. Parker^s investigations do not yet pro- 
duce more practical results; but it is necessary here to be 
patient, for it cannot fail that studies so conscientious will not 
eventually bear fruit. [Cf. Journ. Anat. & Physiol. May 1868, 
pp. 374-381 ; Ibis, 1868, pp. 474, 475.] 
Ruedinger, — . Die Muskeln der vorderen Extremitiiten der 
Reptilien und Vogel mit besonderer Rucksicht auf die ana- 
logen und homologen Muskeln bei den SUugethicren und 
dem Menschen. Natuurk. Verhandel. van de Ilollandsche 
Maatshappij der Wetenschappen te Haarlem, xxv. Decl, 
187 pp. XV. Taf. 
This is one of the prize essays of the Harlem Society. .The 
* Notwitlistanding that the figure is a gross caricature, Ave can state that 
the peculiarity Avhicli it is chiefly intended to represent is not exaggerated. 
t Tlie mouth and entire neck of the specimen described hy l\Ir. liamsay 
(Zool. Rec. iv. p. 120) has been sent to us hy him. There is no trace of a 
gular pouch in it. 
