32 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
III. Pici : (1) JyngidcSy (2) PicumnidcB, (3) Picidcs. 
IV. Macrochires: (1) Caprimidgidce, (2) Cypselidce, (3) Tro- 
chilidm. 
V. Passerines: (Suborder i.) Clamatores, (1) Phytotomidce, (2) 
Cotingidcc, (3) J'yrannidai, (I) Aaabatidce, (5) Pteroptochidoi, 
{()) Menuridce, (7) Formic ariidce, (8) PUtidce; (Suborder ii.) 
Oscines, (1) Ploceidce, (2) FringillidcE, (3) Tanagridce, (4) 
Mniotiltidse, (5) MotacUUda, (6) Alaudidce, (7) SylviidcBj 
(8) MaluridcB, (9) Turdidce, (10) Coerebidce, (11) Melipha- 
gidcBj (12) Nectariniidce, (13) Hirundinidce , (14) Ampelidce, 
(15) Muscicapidce, (16) Campephagidce , (17) Dicruridce, (18) 
OriolidcCy (19) Laniida, (20) Timaliidce, (21) Troglody tides, 
(22) CerthiidcB, (23) Epimachidcc, (24) Pai'idce, (25) icteridee, 
(26) Sturnidee, (27) Paradiscidee, (28) Corvidcs, 
VI. Raptatores: (Tribe i.) Strigomorpha3,(l) (Tribe ii.) 
Grypomorpliee, (1) Cathartidcs \ (Tribe iii.) Aetomorplise, 
(1) Gypaetidee, (2) Vulturidcs, (3) Gy pokier acidee, (4) Fal- 
conidcs] (Tribe iv.) OEstuchomorpliae, (1) Gypogeranidcs. 
VII. Gyrantes : (Tribe i.) Inepti, (1) DididcB\ (Tribe ii.) Plei- 
odi [lege Pliodi], [\) DidunculidcB ; (Tribe iii.) Columba3j 
(1) Treronidee, (2) Golumhidee, (3) Caloenadidce, (4) Gouridcs. 
VIII. Rasores : (1) Pteroclidce, (2) Turnicidee, (3) Tetraonidee, 
(4) Phasianidee, (5) Megapodiido!, (6) Cracidee, (7) Opis~ 
thocomidcs, 
IX. Brevipennes : (1) Struthionides, (2) Rheidce, (3) Casuarince, 
(4) Dinornithidee, (5) Apterygidcs. 
X. Gralles : (1) Scolopacidee, (2) Charadriidee, (3) Chionididce, 
(4) Parridcs, (5) Otididee, (6) Dicholophidce, (7) Rallidce, (8) 
Psophiidee, (9) Rhinochetidee, (10) Gruidee. 
XI. Ctconie: : (1) Ardeidce, (2) Scopidee, (3) Ciconiidee, (4) He- 
miglottides, 
XII. Lamellirostres : (Suborder i.) Odontoglossae, (1) Phoeni- 
copteridcs ; (Suborder ii.) Chenomorplue, (1) Palamedeidce, 
(2) Cy guides, (3) Anseridee, (4) Plectropteridce, (5) Tador- 
nidee, (6) Anatidce, (7) Fuligidida, (8) Erismaturidee, (9) 
Mergidce, 
XIII. Steganopodes : (1) Pelecanidce, (2) Stdidee, (3) Tacky - 
peiidce, (4) Pkalacrocoracidcs, (5) Plotidee, (6) Pkaetkon- 
tidcs. 
XIV. Longipennes: (1) Procellariidce, (2) Laridce. 
XV. Urinatores : (1) Colymbidee, (2) Alcidee, (3) Spkenis- 
cidcs. 
XVI. SAURURiE : (1) Archornitkidee. 
Most of tbe characters used in distinguishing these groups 
are external. The families are frequently subdivided into 
