370 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
second into 2 groups. The first section has the first longi- 
tudinal vein setose or distinctly hairy, and includes the follow- 
ing groups : — 
1. Pyrgotina, with an inflated ovipositor and no ocelli |^n the European 
and N. American forms j 2, Pterocallina, with the head very hroad in pro- 
portion to its height \ 3. Ortalina, with a strong bristle on both the anterior 
and middle epinieraj 4. Cephalma, with a bristle only on the middle epi- 
mera; and 5. Platystomina, with no bristles on the epimera. The two groups 
of the second section are the Ulidinay with the femora unarmed, and the 
Pichardina, with spinous femora : the latter are not represented in Europe. 
The genera belonging to these groups are briefly characterized by Loew, and 
the European species are indicated. The new species described are 15 in 
number. 
Rondani calls attention to the fact that Macquart has described two 
exotic species of TephriUs under the name of dcllatcif already appropriated by 
Rossi. He proposes the name of T. siderata for the species described in 
Dipt. Exot. ii. and T. radlosa for that described in the 4th supplement to 
that work. (Ann. Soc. Nat. Modena, iii. p. 31, note.) 
Bach describes the habits and natural history of Spilographa cerasi 
(Linn.). Towards the end of May the $ lays her eggs in the cherries by 
inserting her ovipositor near the peduncle. The larva when hatclmd eats 
obliquely in towards the stone. When full-grown the larva quits its cheriy 
by the same passage, falls to the ground, and changes to the pupa at a deptli of 
about an inch in the ground. Deep digging of the ground under the trees in 
the spring, or pouring acid and other corrosive fluids upon it immediately 
after the cherries have been gathered, are recommended as the best means of 
destroying this insect. (Verb, naturh. Ver. preuss, Rheinl. und Westph. 
1868, Oorr.-bl. p. 68.) 
Orellia hiiccJiicki (Frauenf.). Frauenfeld describes the transformations of 
this species from the observations of Buccliich. Tlie larva lives in the fruit 
of Zizyphus. Verb, zool.-bot. Ges. in Wien, xviii. pp. 154-160. 
Vropliora stigma (Loew). Frauenfeld describes the transformations of 
this species, of which the larvae were obtained in the heads of Achillea miller 
folium. Verb, zool.-bot. Gesellsch. in Wien, xviii. pp. 153, 154. 
A species of Trypeta, called thb ^‘Berna” fly, deposits its eggs in the 
wounds of men and animals ; it has the apical segment of the abdomen 
elongated, forming an ovipositor, with which it introduces its eggs into the 
nostrils of the negroes in Brazil, producing serious eff'ects. Smith (from 
Peckolt’s notes), Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1868, p. 136. 
Ortalis Jiexa (Wied.) destructive to onions. See Shinier, Bract. Entom. 
i. p. 4, and Walsh, 1. c. ii. p. 64. 
New genera : — 
Pterotcenia, g. n., Rondani, Ann. Soc. Nat. Modena, iii. p. 28. Allied to 
Herina and Myennis (R.-Desv.) ; forehead not distinctly produced beyond 
eyes; face subporpendicular ; antenna) with joint 3 elongate, 2 not longer 
than broad ; arista naked ; scutellum 4-setose ; wings with vein 2 pro- 
duced beyond anterior transverse vein; 4 and 6 scarcely convergent out- 
wards ; posterior basal cell with its lower angle much elongated. Sp. Or- 
talis fasciata (Wied.). 
