438 
ZOOLOGICAL LITJillATUllE. 
been recognized as occurring also in Japan, lialea varieyata (ap. n.) is quite 
a peculiar form. The paper terminates with 8 new species of Clausilia. The 
author promises to treat of Pujju and the operculated land-shells in another 
paper. 
4. Africa. 
TFestern Afiica. A. Mouelet's work on the land- and fresh- 
water mollusks collected by Dr. Friedr. AVclwitsch in Angola 
and Benguela (see p. 421) is a valuable contribution to our 
knowledge of African malacology. The author gives in the in- 
troduction an account of the travels of Dr. AVelwitsch^ and of 
the physical features of the countiy, distinguishing three re- 
gions, viz. the littoral, the mountainous, and that of the higher 
plains, and mentioning the more characteristic of each : 54 species 
of land-shells and 30 living in fresh water are enumerated, and 
most of them described and figured. As in the African fauna 
generally, the Helices are few in number, and, with the exception 
of those which may be supposed to belong to Nanina, of small 
size. The predominant genus among the land-shells is Achatina ; 
a new large sj)ecies A. moyietaria, together with some other 
species, is used by the natives for ornaments and as money. 
The genera BtreptaxiSi Bulimus [group Rhachis^, Pupa, and 
Ennea are represented each by a few species. Among the I'resh- 
water shells we find the genus Planorbis with two species similar 
to European, Limncea with four allied to those from British 
India, of Physa several with plaited sculpture [group Isidora~\ 
and others turreted [^Aplexa^, one Physopsis, one Ampullaria, 
and one Paludina, identical with the species of the Nile, La- 
fiistes identical with a species from Mossambique, two Neritina, 
Unio, and Iridina \^Spatha'\ (the species identical with those 
from the Nile), Galatea^ inwA jEtheria. The author thinks also 
that several species of land-shells, Limicolaria, are identical with 
those in the upper territory of the Nile and Western Africa, 
and finally gives a list of all African land- and freshwater mol- 
lusks known to him. 
Island of St. Thomas. II. Crosse enumerates tlie land-shells, Journ. 
Conch, xvi. pp. 125-135. 
Mauritius^ Bourbon, and Seychdle Islands. Several new species are de- 
scribed by II. Adams, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1808, pp. 12-14, and 288-202; living 
specimens of known species by G. Nevill, ibid. pp. 257-201, 
5. India. 
AV. T. Blanford has published several papers on Indian land- and fresh- 
water shells, treating chiefly of the genus Diplommatina, a new subdivision 
of which is characteristic of the southern part of the peninsula, and of the 
genus Cyathoimna, Journ. As. Soc. ii. pp. 79-83 ; Journ. Conch, xiv. pp. 256- 
263 and 330-336. Fairhanhia is a new genus of llissoidee peculiar to the 
brackish water of Western India. Ann. & Mag, Nat. Hist, ii. p. 300. 
