442 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
tlie Shetland Isles and the adjacent seas are enumerated by 
Gw. Jeffreys, Ann. 8c Mag. Nat. Hist. ii. pp. 306-314 and 
p. 387. 
Baltic Sea. On the shores of the island of Gotland the fol- 
lowing marine species have been found — Embletonia pallida 
(Mobius), Fontolimax capitatus (Mull.), Paludinella baltica 
(Nilss.), Mytilus edulis (L.), Cardium edule (L.), Tellina baltica 
(L.), and My a arenaria (L.). Lindstrom, Gotlands nutida mol- 
lusker, pp. 31-37. Cyprina islandica (L.) and Astarte inter ^ 
media (Semper) [the Recorder thinks it to be corrugata (Brown)] 
are found in the Baltic, on the shores of Warnemunde, Meklen- 
burg ; Cardium edule y which is generally very small in the Baltic, 
attains here to a height of 30 and to a length of 37 millimetres. 
WiECHMANN, Archiv d. Vereins f. Naturgeschichte in Meklen- 
burg, vol. xxii. pp. 125, 126. 
Gulf of Gascogne. MM. de Folin, A. Lafonte, and others 
have dredged between Noirmontiers and St. Jean de Luz, in a 
depth of 40-80 fathoms. They found a considerable number of 
marine shells hitherto not known as belonging to the oceanic 
fauna of France, as Near a costellata (Desh.), Psammobia cos- 
tulata (Turt.), Lepton nitidam (Jeffr.), Leda tenuis (Phil.), Area 
pectunculoides (Scacchi), Lima subauriculata (Mont.), Scissu- 
rella crispata (Flem.), Cyclostrema nitens (Phil.), Rissoa soluta 
(Forbes), Eulima bilineata (Alder), Mangelia borealis (Loven), 
elegans (Scacchi), 8cc. Even a bank of living Avicula tarentina 
(Lam.) has been found four leagues off the mouth of the bassin 
d^Arcachon,^^ in 40-50 fathoms. This tends to prove a con- 
tinuity of the fauna to which the species mentioned belong, 
from England, along the present coasts of France and Spain, to 
the Mediterranean. It makes its appearance wherever the loca- 
lity is fit for its development ; and therefore it is not necessary 
to account for the identity of British and Mediterranean speeies 
by assuming that an open communication existed across France. 
P. Fischer, LHnstitut, 1868, Nov., or Rev. et Mag. Zool. 1868, 
pp. 460-462. 
Mediterranean. In the second volume of II. C. Weinkauff's 
memoir on Mediterranean shells, there are enumerated, with 
their synonymy, 440 species of Gastropods, 14 Pteropods, 3 He- 
teropods, and 2 Cephalopods : their distribution along the Me- 
diterranean and Atlantic shores, as well as in miocene (16 per 
cent.), pliocene (35 per cent.), and pleistocene strata (55 per 
cent.) is shown in a table. 
Mr. G. Jeffreys has identified a rather large nuinhor of IMeditorranean 
species with British (see his Last Dredging Report,” noticed above 
p. 426). — G. Hidalgo opposes several of these identifications. Joiirn, Conch, 
xvi. pp. 31-33. 
One Cephalopod and 3o Gastropods of the families Muricidcs, Ijiicdnidce, 
