400 
ZOOLOGICAL LITERATURE. 
Melanopsis obesa (Guirao, MS.), sp. n,, Brot, p. 67, pi. 1. figs. 14, 16, Murcia 
in Spain ; M.faseolaria (Parr.), sp. n., p. 68, pi. 2. fig. 10, Persepolis. 
Melanopsis dufourii (F^r.), from Tuscany ; the living animal described, and 
a variety, carinata, figured by Gentiluomo, Bullett. Malacol. Ital. i. pp. 96-98, 
pi. 6. figs. 10, 11. 
Melanopsis penchinati, sp. n., Bourguignat, Moll. nouv. lit. fasc. ix. p. 293, 
pi. 40. figs. 1-4, or Revue et Mag. Zool. xx. p. 432, pi. 16. figs. 1-4, Aragon in 
Spain. [Intermediate between cariosa (L.) and dufourii (Fer.).] 
Pirena aspera, sp. n., Brot, /. c. p. 49, locality not known. 
Litorinidas. 
Litorina rudis (Mont.). Small and large specimens are found in copula- 
tion and at difterent seasons. P. Fischer, Journ. Conch, xvi. pp. 16-17. 
Litorina. The Mediterranean species are, according to Weinkauff, ohtusata 
(L.), Spain and Southern France, other localities doubtful ; the immQlittoralis 
(L.) is judiciously rejected ; L. neritoides (L.^^^ccerulcscens (Lam.), common, 
high above the water; and L. punctata iGmQ\.) — syriaca (Phil.), Spain, Al- 
geria, Egypt, and Syria. The occurrence of L. littorea (L.) and muricata (L.) 
in the Mediterranean is very doubtful. Conch, d. Mittelm. ii. pp. 270-276. 
Litorina pintado fWoodi) = ambiytia (Phil.) = senWw (Souleyet) = 
(Nuttall, Reeve), and L. amhigua (Reeve) (Reeve). Pease, Am. 
Journ. Conch, iv. p. 128. 
Modulus cidaris (Reeve) and candidus (Petit) are varieties of tectum 
(Chemn.), Pease, 1. c. p. 128. 
Lacuna puteolus (Turt.) and vincta (Mont.). Lingual membranes by Hogg, 
Transact. Roy. Microscop. Soc. xvi. pi. 8. figs. 8 & 16. 
Stenotis laxata (A. Adams), from Japan, figured Journ. Conch, xvi. pi. 4. 
fig. 7. 
Fossarus. On the Mediterranean species see Weinkauff, Conch, d. Mittelm. 
ii. pp. 267-270. 
Fossarus petitianus, sp. n., Crosse, Journ. Conch, xvi. p. 179, Naples, Sicily, 
Tarentum, and Dalmatia. 
Fossar garrettii, new name for Adeorhis costata (Garrett), Pease, Am. Journ. 
Conch, iv. p. 128. 
Planaxid^. 
Planaxis ahhreviata [-ws] (Pease, 1865) and fasciata [-ms], sp. n.. Pease, 
Am. Journ. Conch, iv. pp. 101, 102, pi. 12. figs. 16, 17, Tahiti and Paumotu 
Islands. 
Litiopa. Descriptions and localities of some species are given by II. 
Knocker, Proc. Zool. Soc. 1868, pp. 615-622. 
RiSSOELLIDiE. 
Jeffreysia glabra (Pxowii)=diaphana (Jeffr.). The first name is reesta- 
blished, as not preoccupied in this genus. Weinkauff, Conch, d. Mittelm. ii. 
p. 275. 
Fairbankia, g. n. Feelers long, filiform ; eyes, snout, and foot as in Hydrobia ; 
shell with a thick epidermis and straight smooth columella ; peristome out- 
side thickened as in Rissoa ; operculum horny, subannular, with excentric 
nucleus and an internal raised rib as in Barleeia. — F. bombayana, sp. n., 
